Children who are identified as visually impaired frequently have a functional vision assessment as one way to determine how their visual impairment affects their educational performance. The CVI Range is a functional vision assessment for children with cortical visual impairment. The purpose of the study presented here was to examine the reliability of the CVI Range.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BirchE. E., & BaneM. C. (1991). Forced-choice preferential looking acuity of children with cortical visual impairment. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 33, 722–729.
2.
BrodskyM. C., FrayC. O., & GlasierM. D. (2002). Perinatal cortical and subcortical visual loss: Mechanisms of injury and associated ophthalmologic signs. Ophthalmology, 109, 85–94.
3.
BurnettR., & SanfordL. (2008). FVLMA Kit. Functional Vision and Learning Media Assessment.Louisville, KY: American Printing House for the Blind.
4.
CarminesE. G., & ZellerR. A. (1979). Reliability and Validity Assessment (Sage University Paper Series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences, 07-017). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
5.
CioniG., FazziB., ColucciniM., BartalenaL., BoldriniA., & van Hof-van DuinJ. (1997). Cerebral visual impairment in pre-term infants with periventricular leukomalacia. Pediatric Neurology, 17, 331–338.
6.
ColenbranderA. (2006). Thoughts about the classification of “CVI.” In DennisonE., & LueckA. H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Summit on Cerebral/Cortical Visual Impairment: Educational, Family, and Medical Perspectives, April 30, 2005 (pp. 143–154). New York: AFB Press.
7.
DuttonG. (2003). Cognitive vision, its disorders and differential diagnosis in adults and children: Knowing where and what things are. Eye, 17, 289–304.
FleissJ. L., LevinB., & PaikM. C. (2003). The measurement of interrater agreement. In FleissJ. L., LevinB., & PaikM. C., Statistical methods for rates and proportions (3rd ed., pp. 598–626). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
10.
GoodW. V. (2001). Development of a quantitative method to measure vision in children with chronic cortical visual impairment. Trans-American Ophthalmology Society, 99, 253–269.
11.
GoodW. V., & HoytC. S. (1989). Behavioral correlates of poor vision in children. International Ophthalmology Clinics, 29, 57–60.
12.
GoodW. V., & HuoC. (2006). Sweep visual evoked potential grating acuity thresholds paradoxically improve in low-luminance conditions in children with cortical visual impairment. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 47, 3220–3224.
13.
HattonD. D., SchwietzE., BoyerB., & RychwalskiP. (2007). Babies count: The national registry for children with visual impairment, birth to 3 years. Journal of the American Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 11, 351–355.
14.
HuoR., BurdenS. K., HoytC. S., & GoodW. V. (1999). Chronic cortical visual impairment in children: Aetiology, prognosis, and associated neurological deficits. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 83, 670–675.
15.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004, P.L. 108-446 (2004).
16.
JacobsonL., EkU., FernellE., FlodmarkO., & BrobergerU. (1996). Visual impairment in preterm children with periventricular leukomalacia–Visual, cognitive and neuropaediatric characteristics related to cerebral imaging. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 38, 724–735.
17.
JanJ. E., GoodW. V., & HoytC. S. (2006). An international classification of neurological visual disorders in children. In DennisonE., & LueckA. H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Summit on Cerebral/Cortical Visual Impairment: Educational, Family, and Medical Perspectives, April 30, 2005 (pp. 61–64). New York: AFB Press.
18.
JanJ. E., & GroenveldM. (1993). Visual behaviors and adaptations associated with cortical and ocular impairment in children. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 87, 101–105.
19.
JanJ. E., GroenveldM., & AndersonD. P. (1993). Photophobia and cortical visual impairment. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 35, 473–477.
20.
JanJ. E., GroenveldM., & SykandaA. M. (1990). Light-gazing by visually impaired children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 32, 755–759.
21.
JanJ. E., GroenveldM., SykandaA. M., & HoytC. S. (1987). Behavioural characteristics of children with permanent cortical visual impairment. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 29, 571–576.
22.
KhetpalV., & DonahueS. (2007). Cortical visual impairment: Etiology, associated findings, and prognosis in a tertiary care setting. Journal of the American Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 11, 235–239.
23.
LangleyM. B. (1998). ISAVE: Individualized systematic assessment of visual efficiency.Louisville, KY: American Printing House for the Blind.
24.
LueckA. H., DornbuschH., & HartJ. (1999). The effects of training on a young child with cortical visual impairment: An exploratory study. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 93, 778–793.
25.
MatsubaC. A., & JanJ. E. (2006). Long-term outcome of children with cortical visual impairment. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48, 508–512.
26.
MorseM. (1992). Augmenting assessment procedures for children with severe multiple handicaps and sensory impairments. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 86, 73–77.
27.
NunnallyJ. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
28.
RomanC. (1996). Validation of an interview instrument to identify behaviors characteristic of cortical visual impairment in infants. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
29.
Roman-LantzyC. (2007). Cortical visual impairment: An approach to assessment and intervention.New York: AFB Press.
30.
SalviaJ., & YsseldykeJ. E. (2007). Assessment in special and inclusive education (10th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
31.
TeplinS. W. (1995). Visual impairment in infants and young children. Infants and Young Children, 8, 18–51.
32.
WatsonT., Orel-BixlerD., & Haegerstrom-PortnoyG. (2007). Longitudinal quantitative assessment of vision function in children with cortical visual impairment. Optometry and Vision Science, 84, 471–480.
33.
WeissA. H., KellyJ. P., & PhillipsJ. O. (2001). The infant who is visually unresponsive on a cortical basis. Ophthalmology, 108, 2076–2087.