This study of the differences in social support received by 97 employed and unemployed adults who were visually impaired found that the employed adults reported more positive and less negative social support than did the unemployed adults and had fewer anxiety symptoms and higher life satisfaction.
BeckA. T., EpsteinN., BrownG., & SteerR. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety-psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.
3.
BoltonB. (1983). Psychosocial factors affecting the employment of former vocational rehabilitation clients. Rehabilitation Psychology, 28, 35–44.
4.
Capella-McDonnallM. E. (2005). Predictors of competitive employment for blind and visually impaired consumers of vocational rehabilitation services. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 99, 303–315.
5.
CimarolliV. R. (in press). Perceived overprotection and distress in adults with vision impairment. Rehabilitation Psychology.
6.
CimarolliV. R., & BoernerK. (2005). Social support and well-being in adults who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 99, 521–534.
7.
CimarolliV. R., ReinhardtJ. P., & HorowitzA. (2006). Perceived overprotection: Support gone bad?Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 61, S18–S23.
8.
CruddenA. (2002). Employment after vision loss: Results of a collective case study. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 96, 615–621.
9.
CruddenA., & McBroomL. W. (1999). Barriers to employment: A survey of employed persons who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 93, 341–350.
10.
CruddenA., SansingW., & ButlerS. (2005). Overcoming barriers to employment: Strategies of rehabilitation providers. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 99, 325–334.
11.
DeMarioN. (1992). Skills needed for successful employment: A review of the literature. RE:view, 24, 115–125.
12.
DiehlM., & WillisS. L. (2003). Everyday competence and everyday problem solving in aging adults: The role of physical and social context. In WahlH. W., ScheidtR. J., & WindleyP. G. (Eds.), Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics (Vol. 23, pp. 130–166). New York: Springer.
13.
Dunkel-SchetterC., & WortmanC. (1982). The interpersonal dynamics of cancer: Problems in social relationships and their impact on the patient. In FriedmanH. S., & DiMatteoM. R. (Eds.), Interpersonal issues in health care.New York: Academic Press.
14.
FlanaganC. A. (1990). Change in family work status: Effects on parent-adolescent decision-making. Child Development, 61, 163–177.
15.
Forrester-JonesR., JonesS., HeasonS., & Di'TerlizziM. (2004). Supported employment: A route to social networks. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 19, 199–208.
16.
GoodwinA. M., & KennedyA. (2005). The psychosocial benefits of work for people with severe and enduring mental health problems. Community, Work & Family, 8, 23–35.
17.
HagemoserS. D. (1996). The relationship of personality traits to the employment status of persons who are blind. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 90, 134–144.
18.
HirschB. J., & RapkinB. D. (1986). Multiple roles, social networks, and women's well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1237–1247.
19.
HorowitzA. (1998). Validation of a functional vision screening questionnaire for older people. In Vision 96: Proceedings of the International Low Vision Conference, Book II (pp. 492–494). ONCE: Madrid, Spain.
20.
JacksonR., & LawsonG. (1995). Family environment and psychological distress in persons who are visually impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 89, 157–160.
21.
JahodaM. (1981). Work, employment, and unemployment. American Psychologist, 36, 184–191.
22.
KaplanS. P. (1990). Social support, emotional distress, and vocational outcomes among persons with brain injuries. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 34, 16–23.
23.
KelleyS. D. M., & LambertS. S. (1992). Family support in rehabilitation: A review of research, 1980–1990. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 36, 98–119.
24.
KirchnerC., SchmeidlerE., & TodorovA. (1999). Looking at employment through a lifespan telescope: Age, health and employment status of people with serious visual impairment.Mississippi State, MS: Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Blindness and Low Vision, University of Mississippi.
25.
LempersJ. D., Clark-LempersD., & SimonsR. L. (1989). Economic hardship, parenting, and distress in adolescence. Child Development, 60, 25–39.
26.
LeonardR. L., & D'AlluraT. (2000). Employment among persons with a vision impairment: A comparison of working and non-working respondents. In StuenC., ArditiA., HorowitzA., LangM. A., RosenthalB., & SeidmanK. (Eds.), Vision rehabilitation: Assessment, intervention and outcomes (pp. 709–713). Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
27.
LubbenJ., & GirondaM. W. (2003). Centrality of social ties to the health and well-being of older adults. In BerkmanB., & HarooytanL. K. (Eds.), Social work and health care in an aging world (pp. 319–350). New York: Springer.
28.
ManneS. L., & ZautraA. J. (1989). Spouse criticism and support: Their association with coping and psychological adjustment among women with rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 608–617.
29.
McLoydV. C. (1989). Socialization and development in a changing economy: The effects of paternal job and income loss on children. American Psychologist, 44, 293–302.
30.
McNeilJ. M. (1993). Americans with disabilities: 1991–92 U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current population reports (Series P-70, No. 33). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
31.
McShaneS. L., & KarpJ. (1993). Employment following spinal cord injury: A covariance structure analysis. Rehabilitation Psychology, 38, 27–40.
32.
MooreJ. E. (1984). Impact of family attitudes toward blindness/visual impairment on the rehabilitation process. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 78, 100–106.
33.
MooreJ. E., & WolffeK. E. (1997). Employment considerations for adults with low vision. In CornA. L., & KoenigA. J. (Eds.), Foundations of low vision: Clinical and functional perspectives (pp. 340–362). New York: AFB Press.
34.
O'DayB. (1999). Employment barriers for people with visual impairments. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 93, 627–642.
35.
PavotW., & DienerE. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164–172.
36.
RadloffL. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.
37.
ReinhardtJ. P. (2001). Effects of positive and negative support received and provided on adaptation to visual impairment. Applied Developmental Science, 5, 76–85.
38.
RoesslerR., & BoltonB. (1985). Employment patterns of former vocational rehabilitation clients and implications for rehabilitation practice. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 28, 179–187.
39.
RookK. S. (1984). The negative side of social interaction: Impact on psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 1097–1108.
40.
RoyA. W. N., DimigenG., & TaylorM. (1998). The relationship between social networks and the employment of visually impaired college graduates. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 92, 423–433.
41.
RuehlmanL. S., & KarolyP. (1991). With a little flak from my friends: Development and preliminary validation of the test of negative social exchange (TENSE). Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 3, 97–104.
42.
StephensM. A., KinneyJ. M., NorrisV. K., & RitchieS. W. (1987). Social networks as assets and liabilities in recovery from stroke by geriatric patients. Psychology and Aging, 2, 125–129.
43.
ThomasC., BenzevalM., & StansfeldS. A. (2005). Employment transitions and mental health: An analysis from the British household panel survey. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 59, 243–249.
44.
ThompsonS. C., GalbraithM., ThomasC., SwanJ., & VrungosS. (2002). Caregivers of stroke patient family members: Behavioral and attitudinal indicators of overprotective care. Psychology & Health, 17, 297–312.
45.
ThompsonS. C., & Sobolew-ShubinA. (1993). Perceptions of overprotection in ill adults. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 23, 85–97.
46.
WilliamsonG. M., & SchulzR. (1992). Physical illness and symptoms of depression among elderly outpatients. Psychology and Aging, 7, 343–351.
