Race or ethnicity, demographic, and disability factors were investigated as predictors of vocational rehabilitation acceptance. Severity of disability was the strongest predictor, followed by education, a secondary disability, race or ethnicity, and age at the time of application; gender was not significant. Acceptance rates differed with specific race or ethnicity and influence of control variables. Implications for policy and research are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AlstonR. J., & BellT. J. (1996). Cultural mistrust and the rehabilitation enigma for African Americans. Journal of Rehabilitation, 62(2), 16–20.
2.
AtkinsB. J., & WrightG. N. (1980). Three views: Vocational rehabilitation for Blacks: The statement. The Journal of Rehabilitation, 46(2), 40, 42–46.
3.
BoltonB. F. (1979). Prediction of outcomes. Rehabilitation Counseling Research.Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.
4.
CapellaM. E. (2002). Inequities in the VR system: Do they still exist?Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 46(3), 143–153.
5.
DziekanK. I., & OkochaA. G. (1993). Accessibility of rehabilitation services: Comparison by racial-ethnic status. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 36(4), 183–189.
6.
Feist-PriceS. (1995). African Americans with disabilities and equity in vocational rehabilitation services: One state's review. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 39(2), 119–129.
7.
GiesenJ. M., & CavenaughB. S. (March, 2003). Race and gender in blindness VR: Historical trends and neglected interactions. Presented at the 2003 Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Psychological Association, New Orleans.
8.
GiesenJ. M., CavenaughB. S., & SansingW. K. (2004). Access to vocational rehabilitation: The impact of race and ethnicity. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 98, 410–419.
9.
GiesenJ. M., & D'AmatoR. C. (1992). Factorial identification of characteristics of blind consumers in vocational rehabilitation and implications for employment outcomes.Mississippi State: Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Blindness and Low Vision, Mississippi State University.
10.
HamptonN. Z. (2000). Meeting the unique needs of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders with disabilities: A challenge to rehabilitation counselors in the 21st century. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 31(1), 40–46.
11.
HarrisonD. K., & WayneB. (1986). Gender and rehabilitation accessibility. Journal of Rehabilitation Administration, 10(2), 50–56.
12.
HaywardB. J., & Schmidt-DavisH. (2002). Longitudinal study of the vocational rehabilitation services program—Report 1: How consumer characteristics effect access to, receipt of, and outcomes of VR services.Research Triangle, NC: RTI International.
13.
HerbertJ. T., & MartinezM. Y. (1992). Client ethnicity and vocational rehabilitation case service outcome. Journal of Job Placement, 8(1), 10–16.
14.
LocustC. (1995). The impact of differing belief systems between Native Americans and their rehabilitation service providers. Rehabilitation Education, 9, 205–215.
MooreC. L., GiesenJ. M., & CavenaughB. S. (2005). Latino VR access rates by disability type and proportions in the general population. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 36(2), 25–32.
17.
PaekH. J., & ShahH. (2003). Racial ideology, model minorities, and the “not-so-silent” partner: Stereotyping of Asian Americans in U.S. magazine advertising. The Howard Journal of Communications, 14, 225–243.
18.
PrenticeD. A., & MillerD. T. (1992). When small effects are impressive. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 160–164.
19.
PriestR. (1991). Racism and prejudice as negative impacts on African American consumers in therapy. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70, 213–215.
20.
Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1992, 29 U.S.C. § 701 et seq.
21.
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. No. 93-112, 93rd Cong., (1973).
22.
Rehabilitation Services Administration. (1995). Reporting manual for the case service report (RSA-911).Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Education.
23.
RubinS. E., PuschB. D., FogartyC., & McGinnF. (1995). Enhancing the cultural sensitivity of rehabilitation counselors. Rehabilitation Education, 9, 253–264.
24.
SteinmanB. A., CavenaughB. S., GiesenJ. M., MooreJ. E., WarrenP. R., & LoobyE. J. (2003). Strategies for delivering VR services to minorities with visual impairments: An evaluation of Title I State Plans. Journal of Rehabilitation Administration, 27, 15–24.
25.
SuzukiB. H. (2002). Revisiting the model minority stereotype: Implications for student affairs practice and higher education. New Directions for Student Services, 97, 21–32.
26.
ThomasonT. C. (1991). Counseling Native Americans: An introduction for non-Native American counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69, 321–327.
27.
U.S. Department of Education. (2005). Capacity building for traditionally under-served populations. [Online.] Available: http://www.ed.gov/legislation
28.
WheatonJ. E. (1995). Vocational rehabilitation acceptance rates for European Americans and African Americans: Another look. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 38(3), 224–231.
29.
WilsonK. B. (1999). Vocational rehabilitation acceptance: A tale of two races in a large Midwestern state. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling30(2), 25–31.
30.
WilsonK. B. (2000). Predicting vocational rehabilitation acceptance based on race, education, work status, and source of support at application. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 43(2), 97–105.
31.
WilsonK. B. (2002). Exploration of VR acceptance and ethnicity: A national investigation. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 45(3), 168–176.
32.
WilsonK. B. (2004). Vocational rehabilitation acceptance in the USA: Controlling for education, type of major disability, severity of disability and socioeconomic status. Disability and Rehabilitation, 26(3), 145–156.
33.
WilsonK. B., AlstonR. J., HarleyD. A., & MitchellN. A. (2002). Predicting VR acceptance based on race, gender, education, work status at application, and primary source of support at application. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 45(3), 132–142.
34.
WilsonK. B., HarleyD. A., & AlstonR. J. (2001). Race as a correlate of vocational rehabilitation acceptance: Revisited. Journal of Rehabilitation, 67(3), 35–41.
35.
WilsonK. B., & SenicesJ. (2005). Exploring the vocational rehabilitation acceptance rates for Hispanics versus non-Hispanics in the United States. Journal of Counseling & Development, 83, 86–96.