Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The flow conditions within multi-storey building drainage networks may be characterised as unsteady free surface flows and as such may be analysed and simulated by the use of the method of characteristics to solve numerically the governing equations of continuity and momentum. However the application of such simulations must take into account the possibility of defective system installation and must be able to predict the wave attenuation following appliance discharge and the consequent effects upon solid transport due to system defects caused by faulty installation or the development of obstructions to the flow. This paper presents both a summary of a detailed survey of defects in installed building drainage networks and the development of appropriate boundary conditions that allow the method of characteristics based computer simulation to accurately predict the effect of defects on system performance. The introduction of drainage simulations capable of providing design advice under the real conditions represented by this study is particularly timely in view of governmental pressure for water conservation and the introduction in 1998 of the new Water Regulations to replace the Water Bye-Laws that will introduce reduced and dual flush w.c. operation, together with reduced shower and other appliance flows.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Water Regulations Advisory Committee Recommendations for requirements to replace the Water Bye-Laws, a consultatian document ( Department of the Environment and Welsh Office) (June 1998 )

Department of the Environment Water Summit Queen Elizabeth Conference Centre, London 19 May 1997 ( DoE press release)

Swaffield J.A. and Galowin L.S. The engineered design of building drainage systems ( Aldershot : Ashgate, Gower Press) ( 1992)

Swaffield J.A. and McDougall J.A.

Designing drainage and associated ventilation nenvorks for buildings

EPSRC Research Focus Issue 27 (November 1996)

Wyly R.S. Investigation of the hydraulics of horizontal drains in plumbing systems Monograph 86 (Washington DC: National Bureau of Standards) (December 1964)

Swaffield J.A. Building drainage system research, past influences, current efforts and future objectives Construction Papers, CIOB 1(1) 45-63 (1980)

Swaffield J.A. and McDougall J.A. Modelling solid transport in building drainage systems' Water Science and Technology 33(9) 9-16 (1996)

McDougall J.A. Mathematical modelling of solid transport in defective building drainage systems PhD thesis Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh (1995)

Swaffield J.A. and Wright G.B.

Drainage ventilation for underground structures 1: Transient analysis of operation

Building Serv. Eng. Res. Technol. 19(4) 187-194 (1998)

10.

Lister M. Numerical solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations by the method of characteristics Numerical methods for digital computers ( New York: Wiley) (1960 )

11.

Wise A F E and Swaffield J.A. Water, sanitary and waste services 4th edition (London: Longman) 216 ( 1994)

Drainage flow and solid transport simulation in defective building drainage networks

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References