The paper describes a modelling study of heat transfer and buoyancy-driven airflow in double skin facades consisting of a glass outer layer, a control device (venetian blind) and a double-glazed inner skin. The modelling study was based on two approaches — a component-based, lumped parameter simulation which used a public domain, open source differential/algebraic equation solver and a detailed, CFD calculation which included air flow, conduction, convection and radiation. The primary objective of the work was to compare the performance of the simplified model with the output of a rigorous CFD calculation.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Fux V.Thermal simulation of ventilated PV facades. PhD thesis, Loughborough University , UK, 2006.
2.
Klein, SA , et al. TRNSYS - a transient system simulation program, Solar Energy Laboratory , University of Madison-Wisconsin , USA, 2000.
3.
Park C. , Clark DR Kelly G.An overview of HVACSIM+, a dynamic building/HVAC/ control simulation program . Proceedings of Building Simulation 85 , IBPSA, Seattle, 1985.
4.
Sowell EF , Buhl WF , Erdem AE , Winkelmann FCA prototype object-based system for HVAC simulation . Proceedings of second International Conference on System Simulation in Buildings , University of Liege, Liege, 1986, Available online at http://gundog.lbl.gov/
5.
Sahlin P. , Bring A.IDA solver: a tool for building and energy systems simulation . Proceedings of Building Simulation 91, IBPSA , Nice, 1991.
6.
Mathworks.Matlab/Simulink User Manuals. Natick, MA , USA, The Mathworks Inc , 2002.
7.
Sahlin P. , Sowell EFA neutral format for building simulation models . Proceedings of Building Simulation 89, IBPSA, Vancouver, 1989.
8.
Eaton JWGnu Octave - a high level language. University of Wisconsin-Madison , USA, 2006 Available online at http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/
9.
Markus TA , Morris ENBuildings, Climate and Energy. London, Pitman International: 1980.
10.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.WINDOW program documentation, Berkeley, CA , USA, 2005. Available online at http://windows.lbl.gov/software/window/window.html
11.
Pfrommer P. , Lomas KJ , Kupke CHR.Solar radiation transport through slat-type blinds: a new model and its application for thermal simulation of buildings . Solar Energy,1996 ; 57: 77—91.
12.
Ward GJMeasuring and modelling anisotropic reflection. LightingSystems Research Group , Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory , USA, 1992.
13.
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers.CIBSE Guide Book C (Heat Transfer)London, CIBSE: 1986.
14.
Cheng X. , Muller U.Turbulent natural convection coupled with thermal radiation in large vertical channels with asymmetric heating . International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 1998; 41: 1681—92.
15.
Sparrow EM , Shah S. , Prakash C.Natural convection in a vertical channel . Numerical Heat Transfer , 1980; 3: 297—314.
16.
Sparrow EM , Chrysler GM , Azevedo LFObserved flow reversals and measured-predicted Nusselt numbers for natural convection in a a one-sided heated channel . Journal of Heat Transfer, 1984; 106: 325—32.
Rohsenow WM , Hartnett JP , Cho YIHandbook of Heat Transfer, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1998.
19.
Bar-Cohen A. , Rohsenow W.M.Thermally optimum spacing of vertical, natural convection-cooled parallel plates . ASME Journal of Heat Transfer1984; 106:116—23.
20.
Brinkworth BJ , Marshall RH , Ibarahim Z.A validated model of ventilated PV cladding . Solar Energy2000 ; 69:67—81.
21.
Ansys2005Ansys CFX 2005, version 5.7.1, user manual. Available online at http://www.ansys.com/cfx/
22.
Ostrach S.An analysis of laminar free-convection flow and heat transfer about a flat plate parallel to the direction of the generating body force. NACA Report 111. available online at http://naca.larclnasa.gov
23.
Machin AD , Naylor D. , Harrison SJ , Oosthuizen PHExperimental study of free convection at an indoor glazing surface with a venetian blind . HVAC&R Research, 1998; 4: 153—66.
24.
Wilcox DCMultiscale model for turbulent flows . In AIAA 24th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1986.
25.
Marjanovic L. , Cook MJ , Hanby VI , Rees SJCFD modelling of convective heat transfer from a window with adjacent venetian blinds . Proceedings of Building Simulation 05Montreal , IBPSA, 2005.
26.
Safer N. , Woloszyn M. , Rous J. , Rusaouen G. , Kuznik F.Modelling of the double-skin facades for building energy simulations: radiative and convective heat transfer . Proceedings of Building Simulation 05, IBPSA, Montreal, 2005.
