Neurological Basis of Learning Disabilities

Abstract

The neurological basis of learning disabilities has been the focus of much debate for nearly a century. The precise neuroanatomical nature of the often subtle disturbances in behaviour that characterize this disorder has only recently begun to emerge. This article briefly reviews early conceptualizations of the neurological nature of learning disabilities and provides a current overview as to the neurodevelopmental pathology that is associated with the behavioural disturbance observed in these children. Since there is good evidence that the basis for severe learning disabilities is related to developmental neuropathology, it seems evident that learning disabilities should be found in children from diverse cultural and ethnic heritages. Other implications with regard to clinical and psychoeducational assessment as well as educational intervention are also addressed.