Abstract
At the 36th Annual Convention of the International Council of Psychologists (ICP) in Munich (1978), my colleagues introduced me to notions of computerized psychological assessment. These greatly departed from traditional pencil and paper tests with automated scoring techniques. The Marking Sense Reader and Optical Character Reader were replaced by the Visual Display Unit for scoring, tests administration and even biofeedback interface. These ideas were being pioneered in the United States by Dr Kenneth Colby of the UCLA Neuropsychiatric Clinic (in psychiatry) and Professor Colonel Russel N. Cassel of Project Innovation at Chula Vista (in psychology).
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