A critical appraisal is made of current theory and research on teaching and a parallel is drawn between Piaget's stages of intellectual development and the developmental stages observable in a century of teaching theory and practice (1880-1980). In conclusion a new model of teaching is proposed from which changes in practice may be derived.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ausubel, D.P., Stager, M. & Gaite, A.J.H. (1969) Proactive effects in meaningful verbal learning and retention. J. Educ. Psychol.60, 59-64.
2.
Ausubel, D.P. (1961) Learning by discovery: rational and mystique. Bull. Nat. Assoc. Sec. Sch. Princ.45, (269), 18-58.
3.
Ausubel, D.P. & Blake, E. (1958) Proactive inhibition in the forgetting of meaningful school material. J. Educ. Res.52,145-149.
4.
Bennett, S.N. & Jordan, J. (1975) A typology of teaching styles in primary schools Brit. J. Educ. Psych.45, 20-28.
5.
Bruner, J.S. (1961) The act of discovery. Harvard Educ. Rev.31, 21-32.
6.
Bruner, J.S. (1966) Some elements of discovery. In L. S. Schulman & E. R. Keisler (Eds) Learning by Discovery: A Critical Appraisal . Chicago, Rand McNally, pp. 107-113.
7.
Gray, K. (1970) Thinking abilities as objectives: curriculum development . Educ. Rev.24, (3), 237-249.
8.
Hallam, R. (1966) Logical thinking in history. Educ. Rev., 13, 183-202.
9.
Hirst, P.H. (1966) Language and thought. Proc. Phil. Educ. Soc. G. B., pp. 63-75.
10.
Peters, R.S. (1958) The Concept of Motivation. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul.
11.
Scheffler, I. (1960) The Language of Education. Springfield, Ill.C. C. Thomas.
12.
Skinner, B.F. (1954) The science of learning and the art of teaching . Harvard Educ. Rev.24, 86-97.
13.
Skinner, B.F. (1968) The Technology of Teaching. New York, Appleton Century Crofts.
14.
Taba, H. (1963) Learning by discovery: psychological and educational rationale. Elem. School J.63, 308-316.
15.
Tolman, E.C. (1932) Purposive Behaviour in Animals and Men. New York, Appleton Century.
16.
Vigotsky, L.S. (1962) Language and Thought. New York , Wiley.
