Food Sensitivity and the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis

Sampson HA . Atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy 1992; 69: 469–79.

Hill LW , Sulzberger MG . Evaluation of atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Syph 1935; 32: 451–63.

Hanifin JM , Rajka G. Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol Venereol 1980; 92: 44–7.

Hanifin JM . Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis. Monogr Allergy 1987; 21: 116–31.

Tong AKF , Mihm MC . The pathology of atopic dermatitis. Clin Rev Allergy 1986; 4: 27–42.

Leung DYM , Bhan AK , Schneeberger EE . Characterization of mononuclear cell infiltrate in atopic dermatitis using monoclonal antibodies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1983; 71: 47–56.

Boss JD , Hagenara C , Das PK . Predominance of ‘memory’ T cells (CD4+, CDw29+) over ‘naive’ T cells (CD4+, CD45R+) in both normal and diseased human skin. Arch Dermatol Res 1989; 81: 24–30.

Picker LJ , Martin RJ , Trumble A , Newman LS , Collins PA , Bergstresser PR . Differential expression of lymphocyte homing receptors by human memory/effector T cells in pulmonary versus cutaneous immune effector sites. Eur J Immunol 1994; 24: 1269–77.

Wakita H , Sakamoto T , Tokura Y , Takigawa M. E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 as critical adhesion molecules for infiltration of T lymphocytes and eosinophils in atopic dermatitis. J Cutan Pathol 1994; 21: 33–9.

Rossiter H , Van Reijsen F , Mudde G. Skin disease-related T cells bind to endothelial selectins: expression of cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) predicts E-selectin but not P-selectin binding. Eur J Immunol 1994; 24: 205–10.

Bochner BS , Klunk DA , Sterbinsky SA . IL-13 selectively induces vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human endothelial cells. J Immunol 1995; 154: 799–803.

Bruynzeel-Koomen C , van Wichen DF , Toonstra J. The presence of IgE molecules on epidermal Langerhans cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. Arch Derm Res 1986; 287: 199–205.

Irani AM , Sampson HA , Schwartz LB . Mast cells in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 1989; 44(Suppl. 9): 31–4.

Singer KH , Tuck DT , Sampson HA . Epidermal keratinocytes express the adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in inflammatory dermatoses. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 92: 746–50.

Barker J , MacDonald D. Epidermal class II human lymphocyte antigen expression in atopic dermatitis: a comparison with experimental allergic contact dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987; 16: 1175–9.

Leiferman K , Ackerman S , Sampson H , Haugen H , Venencie P , Gleich G. Dermal deposition of eosinophil-granule major basic protein in atopic dermatitis. Comparison with onchocerciasis. N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 282–5.

Hamid Q , Boguniewicz M , Leung DYM . Differential in situ cytokine gene expression in acute versus chronic atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 1994; 94: 870–6.

Kagi MK , Joller-Jemelka H , Wuthrich B. Correlation of eosinophils, eosinophil cationic protein, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor with the clinical activity of atopic dermatitis. Dermatology 1992; 185: 88–92.

Tsicopoulos A , Hamid Q , Varney V , Ying S , Moqbel R , Durham S. Preferential messenger RNA expression of Th-1-type cells [IFN-gamma, IL-2] in classical delayed-type (tuberculin) hypersensitivity reactions in human skin. J Immunol 1992; 148: 2058–61.

Hamid Q , Naseer T , Minshall EM , Song YL , Boguniewicz M , Leung DYM . In vivo expression of IL-12 and IL-13 in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996; 98: 225–31.

Kay AB , Ying S , Varney V. Messenger RNA expression of cytokine gene cluster, interleukin 3 (IL-3), IL-5 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects. J Expl Med 1991; 173: 775–8.

Van der Heijden F , Wirenga EA , Bos JD . High frequency of IL-4 producing CD4+ allergen-specific T lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis lesional skin. J Invest Dermatol 1991; 97: 389–94.

Van Reijsen FC , Bruynzeel-Koomen CA , Kalthoff FS . Skin-derived aeroallergen-specific T cell clones of the Th₂ phenotype in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90: 184–93.

Mudde G , van Reijsen F , Boland G , de Gast G , Bruijnzeel P , Bruijnzeel-Koomen C. Allergen presentation by epidermal Langerhans cells from patients with atopic dermatitis is mediated by IgE. Immunology 1990; 69: 335–41.

Mudde G , Bheekha R , Bruijnzeel-Koomen C. Consequences of IgE/CD23-mediated antigen presentation in allergy. Immunol Today 1995; 16: 380–3.

Abernathy-Carver K , Sampson H , Picker L , Leung D. Milk-induced eczema is associated with the expansion of T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen. J Clin Invest 1995; 95: 913–18.

Schloss OM . Allergy to common foods. Trans Am Pediatr Soc 1915; 27: 62–8.

Burks AW , Mallory SB , Williams LW , Shirrell MA . Atopic dermatitis: clinical relevance of food hypersensitivity reactions. J Pediatr 1988; 113: 447–51.

Guillet G , Guillet MH . Natural history of sensitizations in atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1992; 128: 187–92.

Grulee CG , Sanford HN . The influence of breast-feeding and artificial feeding in infantile eczema. J Pediatr 1936; 9: 223–5.

Lucas A , Brooke O , Morley R , Cole T , Bamford M. Early diet of preterm infants and development of allergic or atopic disease: randomized prospective study. BMJ 1990; 300: 837–40.

Host A , Husby S , Osterballe O. A prospective study of cow's milk allergy in exclusively breast-fed infants. Incidence, pathogenetic role of early inadvertent exposure to cow's milk formula, and characterization of bovine milk protein in human milk. Acta Paediatr Scand 1988; 77: 663–70.

Chandra R , Shakuntla P , Hamed A. Influence of maternal diet during lactation and use of formula feeds on development of atopic eczema in high risk infants. BMJ 1989; 299: 228–30.

Hattevig G , Kjellman B , Bjorksten B , Kjellman N. Effect of maternal avoidance of eggs, cow's milk and fish during lactation upon allergic manifestations in infants. Clin Expl Allergy 1989; 19: 27–32.

Sigurs N , Hattevig G , Kjellman B. Maternal avoidance of eggs, cow's milk and fish during lactation: effect on allergic manifestation, skin prick tests, and specific IgE antibodies in children at age 4 years. Pediatrics 1992; 89: 735–9.

Fergusson D , Horwood L , Shannon F. Asthma and infant diet. Arch Dis Child 1983; 58: 48–51.

Fergusson DM , Horwood LJ , Shannon FT . Early solid feeding and recurrent eczema: a 10-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics 1990; 86: 541–6.

Kajosaari M , Saarinen UM . Prophylaxis of atopic disease by six months; total solid food elimination. Arch Paediatr Scand 1983; 72: 411–14.

Kajosaari M. Atopy prophylaxis in high-risk infants: prospective 5-year follow-up study of children with six months exclusive breastfeeding and solid food elimination. Adv Exp Med Biol 1991; 310: 453–8.

Zeiger R , Heller S , Mellon M , Forsythe A , O'Connor R , Hamburger R. Effect of combined maternal and infant food-allergen avoidance on development of atopy in early infancy: a randomized study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1989; 84: 72–89.

Zeiger R. Prevention of food allergy in infancy. Ann Allergy 1990; 65: 430–41.

Zeiger R , Heller S , Mellon M , Halsey J , Hamburger R , Sampson H. Genetic and environmental factors affecting the development of atopy through age 4 in children of atopic parents: a prospective randomized study of food allergen avoidance. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1992; 3: 110–27.

Zeiger R , Heller S. The development and prediction of atopy in high-risk children: follow-up at seven years in a prospective randomized study of combined maternal and infant food allergen avoidance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995; 95: 1179–90.

Sampson HA , McCaskill CC . Food hypersensitivity and atopic dermatitis: evaluation of 113 patients. J Pediatr 1985; 107: 669–75.

Sampson HA , Broadbent KR , Bernhisel-Broadbent J. Spontaneous release of histamine from basophils and histamine-releasing factor in patients with atopic dermatitis and food hypersensitivity. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 228–32.

Sampson HA , Scanlon SM . Natural history of food hypersensitivity in children with atopic dermatitis. J Pediatr 1989; 115: 23–7.

Charlesworth EN , Kagey-Sobotka A , Norman PS , Lichtenstein LM , Sampson HA . Cutaneous late-phase response in food-allergic children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy 1993; 23: 391–7.

Magnarin M , Knowles A , Ventura A , Vita F , Fanti L , Zabucchi G. A role for eosinophils in the pathogenesis of skin lesions in patients with food-sensitive atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995; 96: 200–8.

Suomalainen H , Soppi E , Isolauri E. Evidence for eosinophil activation in cow's milk allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1994; 5: 27–31.

Sampson HA , MacDonald SM . IgE-dependent histamine-releasing factors. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1993; 15: 89–98.

James JM , Kagey-Sobotka A , Sampson HA . Patients with severe atopic dermatitis have activated circulating basophils. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993; 91: 1155–62.

Flick J , Sampson H , Perman J. Intestinal permeability to carbohydrates in children with atopic dermatitis and food hypersensitivity. Pediatr Res 1988; 23: 303A.

Bernhisel-Broadbent J , Sampson HA . Cross-allergenicity in the legume botanical family in children with food hypersensitivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1989; 83: 435–40.

Bernhisel-Broadbent J , Strause D , Sampson HA . Fish hypersensitivity. II: Clinical relevance of altered fish allergenicity caused by various preparation methods. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90: 622–9.

Jones SM , Magnolfi CF , Cooke SK , Sampson HA . Immunologic cross-reactivity among cereal grains and grasses in children with food hypersensitivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995; 96: 341–51.

Bock S , Lee W , Remigio L , May C. Studies of hypersensitivity reactions to food in infants and children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1978; 62: 3327–34.