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Abstract

Le Quesne

. The administration of water and electrolytes during the postoperative period. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1953;13:207–35.

Bevan

. Intraoperative fluid balance. Br J Hosp Med 1978;19:445–53.

Moore

. Metabolic care of the surgical patient. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1959.

Shires

Williams

Brown

. Acute changes in extracellular fluids associated with major surgical procedures. Ann Surg 1961;154:803–10.

Roberts

Skinner

Extracellular fluid deficit following operation and its correction with Ringer's lactate. A reassessment. Ann Surg 1985; 202:1–8.

Flear

CTG

Clarke

. Influence of blood loss and blood transfusion upon changes in metabolism of water, electrolytes and civilian trauma. Clin Sci 1955;14: 575–99.

Irvine

Modgill

Hayter

Plasma volume deficits and salt and water excretion after surgery. Lancet 1972;ii:1159–61.

Thomas

Morgan

. Post-surgical hyponatraemia: The role of intravenous fluids and arginine vasopressin. Br J Surg 1979;66:540–2.

Tindall

Clarke

. The influence of high sodium intakes on postoperative diuresis. Br J Surg 1981; 68:631–44.

10.

Twigley

Hillman

. The end of the crystalloid era: A new approach to perioperative fluid administration. Anaesthesia 1985;40:860–9.