Abstract

References
1.
Bell
CM A.
(1970 ) Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 63 , 752
2.
Crowson
W.N.
, &
Wilson
C.S.
(1973 ) American Surgeon 39 , 597 –601 .
3.
Everett
W.G.
(1975 ) British Journal of Surgery 62 , 135 –140 .
4.
Gambee
L.P.
,
Garnjobst
W.
, &
Hardwick
C.E.
(1956 ) American Journal of Surgery 92 , 222 –227 .
5.
Goligher
J.C.
(1975 ) Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon. 3rd edn. Baillière Tindall , London
6.
Goligher
J.C.
(1979 ) Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics (in press)
7.
Goligher
J.C.
,
Graham
N.G.
, &
de Dombal
F.T.
(1970 ) British Journal of Surgery 57 , 109 –118 .
8.
Goligher
J.C.
,
Lee
PW G.
,
Simpkins
K.C.
, &
Lintott
D.J.
(1977 ) British Journal of Surgery 64 , 609 –614 .
9.
Goligher
J.C.
,
Morris
C.
,
McAdam
WA F.
,
de Dombal
F.T.
, &
Johnston
D.
(1970 ) British Journal of Surgery 57 , 817 –822 .
10.
Halsted
W.S.
(1887 ) American Journal of the Medical Sciences 94 , 436 –461 .
11.
Hawley
P.R.
(1973 ) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum 16 , 272 –277 .
12.
Hertzler
J.H.
, &
Tuttle
W.M.
(1952 ) Archives of Surgery 65 , 398 –405 .
13.
Irvin
T.T.
, &
Goligher
J.C.
(1973 ) British Journal of Surgery 60 , 461 –464 .
14.
Irvin
T.T.
,
Goligher
J.C.
, &
Johnston
D.
(1973 ) British Journal of Surgery 60 , 457 –460 .
15.
Leaper
D.J.
,
Pollock
A.V.
, &
Evans
M.
(1977 ) British Journal of Surgery 64 , 603 –606 .
16.
Matheson
N.A.
, &
Irving
A.D.
(1975 ) British Journal of Surgery 62 , 239 –242 .
17.
Rosenberg
I.L.
,
Graham
N.G.
,
de Dombal
F.T.
, &
Goligher
J.C.
(1971 ) British Journal of Surgery 58 , 266 –269 .
18.
Sharma
CM P.
(1977 ) Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh 22 , 214 –217 .
19.
Schrock
T.R.
,
Deveney
C.W.
, &
Dunphy
J.E.
(1973 ) Annals of Surgery 177 , 513 –518 .
