Oxygen or Air for Palliation of Breathlessness in Advanced Cancer

Muers M.F. , Round C.E. Palliation of symptoms in non-small cell lung cancer; a study by the Yorkshire Regional Cancer Organisation Thoracic Group. Thorax 1993; 4: 339–43.

Higginson I. , McCarthy M. Measuring symptoms in terminal cancer; are pain and dyspnoea controlled? J R Soc Med 1989; 82: 264–7.

Edmonds P. , Karlsen S. , Khan S. , Addington-Hall J. A comparison of the palliative care needs of patients dying from chronic respiratory diseases and lung cancer. Pall Med 2001; 15: 287–95.

Stannard C.F. , Booth S. Churchill's Pocket Book of Pain. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1998

Tobin M.J. Dyspnea. Pathophysiologic basis, clinical presentation, and management. Arch Intern Med 1990; 150: 1604–13.

Dudgeon D.J. , Lertzman M. , Askew G.R. Physiological changes and clinical correlations of dyspnea in cancer outpatients. J Pain Symptom Manage 2001; 2: 373–9.

Booth S. , Adams L. The shuttle walking test: a reproducible method for evaluating the impact of shortness of breath on functional capacity in patients with advanced cancer. Thorax 2001; 56: 146–50.

Schwartzstein R.M. , Lahive K. , Pope A. , Weinberger S.E. , Weiss J.W. Cold facial stimulation reduces breathlessness induced in normal subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136: 58–61.

Wedzicha J.A. Domiciliary oxygen therapy services: clinical guidelines and advice for prescribers. Summary of a report of the Royal College of Physicians. J R Coll Physicians Lond 1999; 33: 445–7.

Booth S. , Kelly M.J. , Cox N.P. , Adams L. , Guz A. Does oxygen help dyspnea in patients with cancer? Am Resp Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 1515–18.

Swinburn C.R. , Mould H. , Stone T.N. , Corris P.A. , Gibson G.I. Symptomatic benefit of supplemental oxygen in hypoxemic patients with chronic lung disease. Am Rev Resp Dis 1991; 143(5 Pt 1): 913–15

Bruera E. , Schoeller T. , MacEachern T. Symptomatic benefit of supplemental oxygen in hypoxemic patients with terminal cancer. The use of the N of 1 randomised controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Management 1992; 7: 365–8.

Liss H.P. , Grant B.J. The effect of nasal flow on breathlessness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 137: 1285–8.

Killen J.W. , Corris P.A. A pragmatic assessment of the placement of oxygen when given for exercise induced dyspnoea. Thorax 2000; 55: 544–6.

Knower M.T. , Dunagan D.P. , Adair N.E. , Chin R. Baseline oxygen saturation predicts exercise desaturation below prescription threshold in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med 2001; 16: 732–6.