The History of Cryosurgery

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Gold J. Liquid air and carbonic acid snow: therapeutic results obtained by dermatologists. NY Med J 1910; 92: 1276–7

Irvine H. , Turnacliffe D. Liquid oxygen in dermatology. Arch Dermatol Syphilol 1929; 19: 270–80

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Cooper IS. Cryogenic surgery. A new method of destruction or extirpation of benign or malignant tissues. N Engl J Med 1963; 263: 741–9

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Amoils SP. The Joule Thomson cryoprobe. Arch Ophthalmol 1967; 78: 201–7

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Bunney M.H. , Nolan M.W. , Williams DA. An assessment of methods of treating viral warts by comparative treatment trials based on a standard design. Br J Dermatol 1976; 94: 667–9

Ball S. , Dawber RPR. Treatment of Bowen's disease with particular emphasis on the problem of lower leg lesions. Austr J Dermatol 1998; 39: 63–8

Bellowes JG. Cryotherapy of Ocular Diseases. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1966

Bartley G.B. , Bullock J.D. , Olsen T.G. An experimental study to compare methods of eyelash ablation. Ophthalmology 1987; 94: 1286–9

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Gage AA. History of cryosurgery. Semin Surg Oncol 1998; 14: 99–109

Cahan WG. Cryosurgery of the uterus: description of technique and potential application. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1964; 88: 410–14

Marren P. , Dawber R.P.R. , Wojnarowska F. Failure of cryosurgery to eradicate vulval intraepithelial neoplasia: a pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venerol 1993; 2: 247–51

Almeido Gongalves JC. Cryovulvectomy—a new surgical technique for advanced cancer. Skin Cancer 1986; 1: 17–32

Hunsaker R. , Schwartz J. , Keasy B. Dry ice cryoamputation: a 12 year experience. J Vasc Surg 1985; 2: 812–16

Meijer S. , Rahusen F.D. , Van der Plas LG. Palliative cryosurgery for rectal carcinoma. Int J Colored Dis 1999; 14: 177–80

Dennison A.R. , Paraskevopoulos J.A. , Kerrigan D.D. New thoughts on the aetiology of haemorrhoids and the development of non-operative methods for their management. Minerva Chir 1996; 51: 209–16

Maiwand MO. The role of cryosurgery in palliation of tracheobronchial carcinoma. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg 1999; 15: 764–8

Gill I.S. , Novick AC. Renal cryosurgery. Urology 1999; 54: 215–9

Badalament R.A. , Bahn D.K. , Kim H. Patient-reported complications after cryoablation therapy for prostatic cancer. Urology 1999; 54: 295–9

Saliken J.C. , McKinnon G. , Gray R.R. Liver cryosurgery with curative intent: can we realize the promise? Can Assoc Radiologists J 1999; 50: 295–7

Bickels J. , Meller I. , Shmookler B.M. The role and biology of cryosurgery in the treatment of bone tumours. A review. Acta Orthop Scand 1999; 70: 308–15