GayJR, AbbottKH. Common whiplash injuries of the neck.JAMA1953; 152: 1698–704
2.
GunzbergR, SpalskiM, eds. Whiplash Injuries: Current concepts in Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of the Cervical Whiplash Syndrome.Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1998: xv
3.
GottenN. Survey of 100 cases of whiplash injury after settlement of litigation.JAMA1956; 162: 854–7
4.
MacnabI. The whiplash syndrome.Orthop Clin North Am1971; 2: 389–403
PearceJMS. Whiplash injury: A reappraisal.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry1989; 52: 1329–33
7.
RadanovBP, DiStephanoG, SchnidrigA, BallinariP. Role of psychosocial stress in recovery from common whiplash.Lancet1991; 338: 712–15
8.
RadanovBP, SturzeneggerM, DiStephanoG. Long-term outcome after whiplash injury. A 2 year follow-up considering features of injury mechanism and somatic, radiologic, and psychosocial findings.Medicine1995; 74: 281–97
9.
Scientific Monograph of the Quebec Task Force on Whiplash-Associated Disorders.Spine1995; 20(suppl): 22S, 33S, 38S-39S
10.
LivingstonM. Common Whiplash Injury: A Modern Epidemic.Springfield IL, Charles C Thomas, 1999
11.
GalaskoCSB, MurrayPM, PitcherM, ChambersHE. Neck sprains after road traffic accidents: A modern epidemic.Injury1993; 24: 155–7
12.
GalaskoCSB. In: Livingston M. World Whiplash Congress, Vancouver, 1999: A report.BC Med J1999; 41: 281–3
13.
PennieB, AgambarL. Patterns of injury and recovery in whiplash.Injury1991; 22: 57–60
14.
McConnellWE, HowardRP, VanpoppelJ, KrauseRR. Human head and neck kinematics after low velocity rear-end impacts-understanding ‘whiplash’. 1995, Society of Automotive Engineers paper 952724
15.
SeveryDM, MathewsonJH, BechtolCO. Controlled automobile rear end collisions, an investigation of related engineering and medical phenomena.Can Serv Med J1955; 11: 727–59
16.
MaimarisC, BarnesMR, AllenMJ. Whiplash injuries of the neck: A retrospective study.Injury1988; 19: 393–6
17.
MorrisF. Do headrests protect the neck from whiplash injuries?Arch Emerg Med1989; 6: 17–21
18.
MelvillePH. ,Research, in car crashing [Letter].Can Med Ass J1963; 89: 275
SchaefferJH. Whiplash injuries of the neck [Letter].JAMA1953; 153: 974
21.
RadanovBP. Common whiplash. Research findings revisited.J Rheumatol1997; 24: 623–5
22.
FerrariR, RussellAS. The whiplash syndrome: Commonsense revisited.J Rheumatol1997; 24: 618–22
23.
KwanO, FrielJ, LivingstonM, PartheniM. and Giebel GD et al, Russell AS, Ferrari R, Radanov BP. Whiplash injury [Letters].J Rheumatol1999; 26: 1205–10
24.
FreemanMD, CroftAC, RossignolAM, WeaverDS, ReiserM. A Review and methodologic critique of the literature refuting whiplash syndrome.Spine1999; 24: 86–98
25.
SchraderH, ObelienieneD, BovimG, SurkieneD. Natural evolution of the late whiplash syndrome outside the medicolegal context.Lancet1996; 347: 1207–11
26.
FerrariR, RussellAS. Whiplash: Heading for a higher ground.Spine1999; 24: 97–8
27.
ObelienieneD, SchraderH, BovimG, MisevicieneI, SandT. Pain after whiplash: A prospective controlled inception cohort study.J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry1999; 66: 279–83
28.
BorchgrevinkGE, KaasaA, McDonaghD, StilesTC. Acute treatment of whiplash neck sprain injuries: A randomized trial of treatment during the first 14 days after a car accident.Spine1998; 23: 25–31
29.
NorrisSH, WattI. The prognosis of neck injuries resulting from rear-end vehicle collisions.J Bone joint Surg1983; 65-B: 608–11
30.
RadanovBP, SturzeneggerM, DiStephanoG, SchnidrigA. Relationship between early somatic, radiological, cognitive and psychosocial findings and outcome during a one-year follow-up in 117 patients suffering from common whiplash.Br J Rheumatol1994; 33: 442–8
31.
Mackie v Wolfe. Alberta Court of Queen's Bench. Rawlins J. Action No. 9201-12776. Unedited judgement, 1994