Surrogate nutrition markers are used to assess adequacy of nourishment and
to define malnutrition despite evidence that fails to link nourishment,
surrogate markers, and outcomes. Markers such as serum levels of albumin,
prealbumin, transferrin, and IGF-1 and delayed hypersensitivity and total
lymphocyte count may be valid to help stratify risk. However, it is not
appropriate to consider these as markers of adequacy of nourishment in the
sick patient.
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