Abstract
The metabolic changes associated with critical illness involve several pathways acting at different steps of the use of nutritive substrates. The understanding of the role of these pathways and of their complex regulation has led to the development of new products for nutrition support. The rationale for changing the profile of nutrition support solutions by adding novel substrates is also discussed. This review focuses on the metabolic specificities of critically ill patients and also includes an analysis of the adequacy of tools to monitor the metabolic status and the adequacy of the nutrition support.
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