Paper Bullets

Baoxue jikan (1935) 1, 3 (March 29): 151-152. Shanghai.

Binbin (1937) "Dagong bao jizhe Changjiang xiansheng" (Mr. Changjiang: a Dagong bao reporter Xinwen zazhi 1, 23 (April 5): 1-2. Hangzhou.

BOORMAN, HOWARD L. [ed.] (1967) Biographical Dictionary of Republican China. Vol. 1. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.

Boyle, John H. (1972) China and Japan at War, 1937-1945: The Politics of Collaboration Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press.

Broder, David S. (1987) Behind the Front Page New York : Simon and Schuster.

Bu Shaofu (1942) Zhandi jizhe jianghua (Lectures for the War Correspondent Guiyang: Wentong shuju.

CENSER, JACK R. and JEREMY D. POPKIN [eds.] (1987) Press and Politics in Pre-Revolutionary France. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.

Changjiang (1937a) Zhongguo de xibei jiao The Northwest Comer of China Tianjin: Dagong bao. (Originally published 1936)

—( 1937b) Saishang xing (Journeys on the Frontier N.p.: Dagong bao.

—[ed.] (1937c) Xixian fengyun (Battles on the Western Front). Shanghai: Dagong bao.

—( 1937d) "Yi ye zhanchang" (Recalling the battlefield at night , pp. 35-42 in Tian Han [et al.] Zhandi guilai (Returning from the Battlefield ).Shanghai: Zhanshi chubanshe.

—( 1937e) "Lugouqiao pan" (Beside the Marco Polo Bridge ). Dagong bao, July 23, July 24, July 25Tianjin .

—[ed.] (1938a) Lunwang de Ping-Jin (The Fall of Beiping and Tianjin). Hankou: Shenghuo shudian.

—( 1938b) Huaihe dazhan zhi qianhou (Before and After the Battle of the Huia River N.p.: Jiangsheng shushe .

—( 1938c) Cong Lugouqiao dao Zhanghe (From the Marco Polo Bridge to the Zhang River Hankou: Shenghuo shudian.

—[ed.] (1938d) Dongxian de chetui (The Retreat from the Eastern Front ). N.p.: Shenghuo shudian.

—( 1938e) "Jianli xinwenjizhe de zhengque zuofeng" ( Establishing the correct attitude for reporters Xinwen jizhe 1, 2 (May 1): 5. Hankou.

—( 1938) f "Zenyang fa zhanshi dianxun yu xie zhandi tongxun" (How to file and write war dispatches Xinwen jizhe 1, 4 (July 1): 5-6. Hankou.

—( 1938g) "Zhu jizhe xuehui Changsha fenhui chengli" ( Celebrating the founding of the Changsha branch of the Chinese Young Journalists Society Xinwen jizhe 1, 5 (August 1): 23-24. Hankou.

—( 1938h) "Zhanshi xinwen gongzuo de zhenyi" (The true meaning of wartime journalistic work. Xinwen jizhe 1, 6-7 (October 10): 18: Hankou.

—( 1938i) "Jitizhuyi yige shiyan—jizhe sushe" ( An experiment in collectivism— the Reporters' Hostel Xinwen jizhe 1, 8 (November 1): 5-7. Hankou.

—( 1938j) "Zhankai diren houfang de xinwen gongzuo" ( Launching journalistic work in the Japanese-occupied territories Xinwen jizhe 1, 9-10 (December 10): 4-5. Hankou.

—( 1939) "Yige xinwen jizhe de renshi" (A journalist's understanding , pp. 84-86 in Qian Jiaju, Hu Yuzhi, and Zhang Tiesheng (eds.), Kangzhan de jingyan yu jiaoxun (The Experience and Lessons of the War of Resistance). N.p.: Shenghuo shudian.

—( 1941a) "Tuibu yu jinbu" (Retrogression and progress Xinwen jizhe 2,10 (March 16): 1-3. Chongqing.

—( 1941b) "Dao Jiluan xiansheng" (In memory of Mr. Zhang Jiluan Huashang bao (September 8). Hong Kong.

—( 1981a) "Xin Jieduan xinwen gongzuo yu xinwen congyeyuan zhi tuanjie yundong" (The movement to unite journalism and journalists in the new era, pp. 213-244 in Fan Changjiang (1981). This article was written in 1939.

—( 1981b) "Zenyang xue zuo xinwen jizhe" (How to learn to be a reporter, pp. 289-293 in Fan Changjiang (1981). This article was written in 1941.

—(n.d.) Xixian xuezhanji (Bloody Battles on the Western Front N.p.: Zhanshi chubanshe.

Chen Bosheng (1938) "Zuo xinwen jizhe de jige yuanze" (Several basic principles for the journalist Xinwen jizhe 1, 1 (April 1): 6-9. Hankou .

Chen Gengya (1936) Xibei shicha ji (A Tour of the Northwest Shanghai: Shenbao.

Chen Jiying (1957) Baoren Zhang Jiluan (Journalist Zhang Jiluan Taibei: Wenyou chubanshe.

—( 1974) Hu Zhengzhi yu Dagong bao (Hu Zhengzhi and Dagong bao Hong Kong: Zhanggu yuekanshe .

—( 1990) Interview, July 25. Xindian, Taiwan .

Chen Yan (1936, 1937) Shaan-Gan diaocha ji ( Survey of Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces 2 vols. Beiping: Beifang zazhi she.

Cheng Shewo (1934) "Zhongguo baozhi zhi jianglai" (The future of the Chinese press Wenhua yuekan 2 (March): 75-78. Shanghai.

—( 1935) "Wo suo lixiang de xinwen jiaoyu" (My ideal journalism education Baoxue jikan 1, 3 (March 29): 105-114. Shanghai.

—(1938) " 'Zhidan'yi ke jiandi" ("Paper bullets" can also annihilate the enemy). Dagong bao, May 13, May 14, May 15, May 18. Hankou. Reprinted in Xinwen jizhe 1, 3 (June 1): 5-7; 1, 4 (July 1): 18-20. Hankou.

—( 1943) "Women xuyao 'pingjia bao' " (We need 'inexpensive newspapers' Dongfang zazhi 39, 9 (July 15): 24-27. Chongqing.

—( 1990) Interview, August 2. Xindian, Taiwan .

China Handbook, 1937-1945 (1947). Compiled by the Chinese Ministry of Information . New York: Macmillan.

China Handbook, 1950 (1950). Compiled by the China Handbook Editorial Board New York: Rockport.

Dong Sheng (1932) "Fengjian shili zai baozhi shang" (Feudalistic influence in Chinese press, pp. 133-144in Zheng Zhenduo, Haiyan (The Petrel).Shanghai: Xin Zhongguo shudian .

Epstein, Israel (1947) The Unfinished Revolution in China Boston: Little, Brown.

Fan Changjiang (1981) Tongxun yu lunwen (Correspondence and Essays Chongqing: Xinhua chubanshe.

FAN CHANGJIANG see also CHANGJIANG.

Fang Meng (1989a) Fan Changjiang zhuan (Biography of Fan Changjiang Beijing: Zhongguo xinwen chubanshe.

—( 1989b) Interview, October 8. Beijing.

Feng Yingzi (1938) "Fuzhi difang xinwenzhi" (Promoting local newspapers Xinwen jizhe 1, 4 (July 1): 23-24. Hankou.

—( 1984) "Huiyi Changjiang" (Reminiscences of Fan Changjiang Xinwen yanjiu ziliao 9: 145-159. Beijing .

—( 1989) Interview, November 20. Shanghai.

Gao Tian (1938a) "Zhandi tongxun de xin dongxiang" ( New trends in frontline dispatches Xinwen jizhe 1, 6-7 (October 10): 16. Hankou.

Gao Tian (1938b) "Pubian jianli 'wenhua bingzhan' " ( Widely establish 'cultural war stations' Xinwen jizhe 1, 9-10 (December 10): 12-13. Hankou .

Ge Gongzhen (1930) "Xinwen jiaoyu zhi mudi" (The aims of journalistic education, pp. 49-59 in Huang Tianpeng (1930d).

—( 1955) Zhongguo baoxue shi (History of Chinese Journalism Beijing: Sanlian shudian.

Hess, Stephen (1981) The Washington Reporters Washington, DC: Brookings.

Hu Zhengzhi (1938) "Xinwen jizhe zui xuyao you zerenxin" (Jouralists most need a sense of responsibility, pp. 8-11 in Wang Wenbin (1938b).

HUANG TIANPENG [ed.] (1930a) Xinwenxue minlunji ( Important Lectures on Journalism). Shanghai: Shanghai lianhe shudian. (Originally published 1929)

—( 1930b) Xinwen wenxue gailun (An Introduction to Journalism Literature Shanghai: Guanghua shuju.

—[ed.] (1930c) Xinwenxue lunwenji (Selected Essays on Journalism ).Shanghai: Guanghua shuju.

—[ed.] (1930d) Baoxue congkan (Collected Works on Journalism ).Shanghai: Guanghua shuju.

Huang Yuansheng (1927) Yuansheng yizhu (The Writings of Huang Yuansheng 4 vols. Shanghai: Shangwu yinshuguan.

Huo Xuan (1936) " 'Zhuanmen' de xinwen jiaoyu" ("Specialized" journalism education Xinwen zazhi 1, 20 (February 20): 1; 1, 21 (March 5): 1. Hangzhou.

Lai Guanglin (1968) Liang Qichao yujindai baoye (Liang Qichao and Modern Journalism Taibei: Shangwu yinshuguan .

Li Mo [et al.] (1959) "Guomindang fandongpai chajin baokan mulu" (A list of newspapers and journals banned by the Guomindang reactionaries , pp. 153-182 in Zhang Jinglu [ed.], Zhongguo xiandai chuban shiliao ( Historical Materials on Publishing in Contemporary China). Vol. 4. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.

Lin Yutang (1935) "Suo wang you Shenbao" (My hopes for Shenbao Yuzhou feng 3 (October 16): 115-116. Shanghai .

—( 1936) "Shenbao de yiyao fukan" (Shenbao's medical supplement Yuzhong feng 18 (June 1): 270-271. Shanghai.

Liu Ruming (1966) Liu Ruming huiyilu (Memoirs of Liu Ruming Taibei: Zhuanji wenxue chubanshe.

Liu Shi ( 1937) "Cong zhengfu kangzhan dao quanmin kangzhan" (From the government's war of resistance to the people's war of resistance, pp. 211-225 in Changjiang (1937c).

Liu Wenhai (1933) Xixing jianwen ji (Journeys to the West Shanghai: Nanjing shudian.

Liu Zhuzhou (1942) "Zenyang zuo zhandi jizhe" (How to be a war correspondent Xinwen zhanxian 2, 2-3 (May 16): 16-20. Chongqing.

Liu Zucheng (1934) "Guanyu xinwen jizhe zhiye diwei queli wenti" (Problems in establishing the status of the journalism profession Baoxue jikan 1 (October 10): 57-59. Shanghai .

Liu Zunqi (1939) "Zhandi jizhe de yixie yinxiang" (A few impressions of a war correspondent, pp. 20-22 in Qian Jiaju, Hu Yuzhi, and Zhang Tiesheng [eds.], Kangzhan de jingyan yu jiaoxun (The Experience and Lessons of the War of Resistance ).N.p. : Shenghuo shudian.

Lu Yi ( 1938a) "Ji Zhongguo qingnian jizhe xuehui de chengli dahui" (On the inauguration of the Chinese Young Journalists' Society Xinwen jizhe 1, 2 (May 1): 17-18. Hankou.

—( 1938b) "Tan dangqian de zhandi xinwen gongzuo" ( On current journalistic work at the front Xinwen jizhe 1, 6-7 (October 10): 17. Hankou.

—( 1979) "Changjiang de fengge" (The style of Fan Changjiang Xinwen yanjiu ziliao 1 (August): 80-82. Beijing .

—( 1989) Interview, November 16, December 10. Shanghai.

MacKinnon, Stephen R. and Oris Friesen (1987) China Reporting: An Oral History of American Journalism in the 1930s and 1940s Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.

MERRILL, JOHN C. and RALPH D. BARNEY [eds.] (1975) Ethics and the Press. New York: Hastings House.

Miller, Lee G. (1950) The Story of Ernie Pyle New York: Viking.

Mosse, George L. (1986) "Two world wars and the myths of the war experience." J. of Contemporary History 21, 4 (October): 491-513.

Mowrer, Edgar A. (1939) The Dragon Wakes: A Report from China New York: William Morrow.

Pyle, Ernie (1944) Brave Men New York: Grosset & Dunlap.

" Qingzhu 'Jiuyi'jizhe jie" (Celebrating September 1st—Journalists' Day (1936). Xinwen zazhi 1, 8-9 (September 5): 1, 23. Hangzhou .

Qiujiang [Meng Qiujiang] (1937a) "Nankou yuhui xian shang" (Outflanking the enemy at the Nankou Pass). Dagong bao, October 3, October 4 Hankou .

—(1937 b) "Ketong de Zhangjiakou" (Lament for Zhangjiakou , pp. 23-42 in Changjiang (1937c).

—(1937 c) "Tuishou Yanmenguan" (Withdrawing to guard the Yanmen Pass, pp. 151-165 in Changjiang (1937c).

—( 1938) "Zenyang zuo zhandi xinwen jizhe" (How to be a war correspondent Xinwen jizhe 1, 6-7 (October 10): 20. Hankou.

Rivers, William L. (1965) The Opinionmakers Boston: Beacon.

Schudson, Michael (1978) Discovering the News: A Social History of American Newspapers New York: Basic Books .

Shi Yan ( 1938a) "Litihua de zhandi caifang" (The three-dimensional frontline interview Xinwen jizhe 1, 6-7 (October 10): 14-15. Hankou .

—( 1938b) "Xinwen gongzuo de zhuanxingqi" (A transition period for journalism Xinwen jizhe 1, 9-10 (December 10): 6. Hankou.

Smedley, Agnes (1942) Battle Hymn of China New York : Alfred A. Knopf.

Snow, Edgar (1938) Red Star over China New York : Random House. (Originally published 1937)

Ting, Lee-Hsia Hsu (1974) Government Control of the Press in Modern China, 1900-1949 Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, East Asian Research Center.

Wang Huaibing (1979) "Yizhu zhaozhao, Changjiang haohao" (In memory of Fan Changjiang Xinwen yanjiu ziliao 1 (August): 89-91. Beijing.

Wang Wenbin (1938) Caifangjianghua (Lectures on News Gathering Shanghai: Sanjiang shudian.

White, Theodore and Annalee Jacoby (1961) Thunder Out of China New York : William Sloane Associates. (Originally published 1946)

Wu Guanyin (1927) "Min'guo chuyuan ming jizhe Huang Yuansheng" (Huang Yuansheng — a famous reporter in early Republican China Xinwen xuekan 2 (March): 62-64. Beijing .

—( 1930) "Xinwen zhiyehua yu kexuehua" (Journalism made professional and scientific, pp. 97-98 in Huang Tianpeng (1930a).

Xiang Shiyuan (1935) "Ruhe shi xinwen shiye zhenzheng minzhong hua" (How to truly popularize journalism Baoxue jikan 1, 3 (March 29): 93-97. Shanghai .

Xiao Fang (1938) "Baoding yi nan" (South of Baoding, pp. 56-69 in Changjiang (1938c).

—(n.d.) "Cong Niangziguan dao Yanmenguan" (From the Niangzi Pass to the Yanmen Pass , pp. 45-50 in Changjiang (n.d.).

Xiao Qian (1988) Wei dai ditu de lüren — Xiao Qian huiyilu (Traveler without a Map — The Memoirs of Xiao Qian Hong Kong: Xiangjiang chuban gonsgi.

—( 1989) Interview, October 3. Beijing.

Xie Liuyi (1937) "Zhanshi de xinwen jizai" (Wartime news Kanzhan 5 (September 3): 10. Shanghai.

—( 1947) Bai longmenzhen (Chat Shanghai: Bowen shudian.

Xie Shuangqiu (1941) "Waiqin jizhe 'zhuanmen hua' " (The 'specialization' of the reporter Xinwen jizhe 2, 10 (March 16): 24. Chongqing.

"Xinwen jiaoyu jiguan gaikuang" (A brief survey of journalism education institutions (1935). Baoxue jikan 1, 2 (January 1): 115-127; 1, 3 (March 29): 147-150. Shanghai.

Xinwen jizhe (1938) 1, 5 (August): 23.

"Xinwen jizhe de zeren" [The responsibility of the reporter] ( 1936) Xinwen zazhi 1, 10 (September 25): 1. Hangzhou.

Xinwen yanjiu ziliao (Research Materials on Journalism Research ( 1981) 7 (December): 29-75. Beijing.

Xu Baohuang (1930) "Xinwenzhi yu shehui zhi xuyao" (Newspapers and the needs of society, pp. 1-11 in Huang Tianpeng (1930d).

Xu Zhucheng (1981a) Baohai jiuwen (Old Stories about the Press Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe .

—( 1981b) Zhadan yu shuiguo (Bombs and Fruit Hong Kong: Sanlian shudian.

—( 1982) Jiuwen zayi (Reminiscences Hong Kong : Sanlian shudian.

—( 1989) Interview, November 24. Shanghai.

Yuan Changchao (1957) Zhongguo baoye xiaoshi (A Short History of the Press in China Hong Kong: Xinwen tiandishe.

Yunsheng (1944) "Ji Changjiang" (On Fan Changjiang Yiban 2 (March 15): 95-100. Shanghai.

Zeng Xubai [Xubai] (1938) "Wenxue zuopin yu xinwen zuopin" (Literary works and news reports Xinwen jizhe 1, 1 (April 1): 9-10. Hankou.

—[ed.] (1966) Zhongguo xinwen shi (History of the Press in China ).2 vols. Taibei: Guoli Zhengzhi daxue xinwen yanjiusuo.

—( 1988) Zeng Xubai zizhuan (Autobiography of Zeng Xubai Vol. 1. Taibei: Lianjing chuban shiye gongsi.

—( 1990) Interview, August 5. Taibei.

Zhang Jiluan (1938) "Xinwen jizhe genben de genben" (The essential of the journalist's essentials, pp. 1-7, in Wang Wenbin (1938b).

— ( 1947) Jiluan wencun (Selected Writings of Zhang Jiluan Tianjin: Dagong bao. (Originally published 1944)

Zhang Jinglu (1932) Zhongguo de xinwen jizhe yu xinwen zhi (Chinese Reporters and Newspapers 2 Vols. Shanghai: Xiandai shuju.

Zhang Xiluo (1989) Interview, October 7,1989. Beijing.

Zhao Kunliang (1935) "Xinwen jiujing shi shenme?" (What is news? Baoxue jikan 1, 4 (August 15): 47-51. Shanghai.

Zhong Bai (1935) "Huang Yuansheng" (Huang Yuansheng Baoxue jikan 1, 2 (January 1): 161-162. Shanghai.

Zhongguo qingnian jizhe xuehui [ed.] Zhanshi xinwen gongzuo rumen ( A Primer for Wartime Journalism )(1940) N.p.: Shenghuo shudian.

Zhou Fei (1936) "Zhongguo de xibei jiao" (On The Northwest Comer of China Guowen zhoubao 13, 39 (October 5): 41-43. Shanghai.

Zhou Li'an (1938) "Yinianlai wo suo ai dushu" (My favorite books in the past year Yuzhou feng 64 (March 21): 153-154. Shanghai.