From Feudalism to Capitalism

Adachi Keiji (1978a) "Daizu kasu ryutsu to Shin dai no shogyo teki nogyo" (Trade m soybean cake and Qing dynasty commercialized agriculture . Toyoshi kenkyu 37, 3: 35-63.

——— (1978b) "Min-matsu Shin-sho no ichi nogyo kei-ei-"Shin shi nosho" no sai hyoka" (Farm management in the late Ming early Qing—a reconsideration of the "Shen-shi nong shu". Shirin 61, 1: 40-69.

——— (1977) "Min-Shin jidai no shohin seisan to jinushisei kenkyu o megutte" (Studies on commodity production and the landlord system in the Ming-Qing period. Toyoshi kenkyu 36, 1: 125-135.

Amano Motonosuke (1978) Chugoku nogyo keizai ron (Studies of Chinese Agrarian Economy. Tokyo: Ryukei shosha.

——— (1977a) "Kaiho zen no Chugoku nogyo to sono seisan kankei—Kachu" (Relations of production in pre-Liberation Chinese agriculture—Central China. Ajia keizai 18, 4; 18, 5.

——— (1977b) "Kaiho zen no Chugoku nogyo to sono seisan kankei-Kanan" (Relations of production in pre-Liberation Chinese agriculture-South China . Ajia keizai 18, 12.

——— (1976) "Kaiho zen no Chugoku nogyo to sono seisan kankei-Kahoku" (Relations of production in pre-Liberation Chinese agriculture-North China . Ajia keizai 17, 6.

——— (1962) Chugoku nogyo shi kenkyu (Studies on Chinese Agrarian History. Tokyo: Ochanomizu shobo .

Banno Ryokichi (1973) "Kindai Chugoku ni okeru nogyo henkaku-tochi kakumei no rekishi teki igi ni tsuite" . (Transformation of modern Chinese agriculture-on the historical significance of land reform ).Rekishi hyoron 279: 2-49.

Coulborn, Rushton (1956) Feudalism in History. Princeton : Princeton Univ. Press.

Fuma Susumu (1977) "Min-matsu no toshi kaikaku to Koshu minpen" (Late Ming urban reform and the popular uprising in Hangzhou. Toho gakuho (Kyoto University) 49; 215-261.

Furushima Kazuo (1972) "Kindai Chugoku no noson shakai" (Rural society in modern China. Toyo gakujutsu kenkyu 5, 6: 85-101.

Hamashima Atsutoshi (1969) "Mindai Konan no suiri no ichi kosatsu" (An investigation of water control in Ming Jiangnan. Toyo bunka kenkyujo kiyo 47.

Hatada Takashi (1972) Chugoku sonraku to kyodotai riron (. Theory of "Community" in Chinese Villages).Tokyo: Iwanami.

——— (1950) "Chugoku no tochi kaikaku to tochi shoyu no sho keitai" (The Chinese land revolution and various landholding patterns, reprinted in Hatada, 1972 .

Hazama Naoki (1964) "Chugoku kindaishi ni okeru 'shihon no tame no reino' no soshutsu oyobi sore o meguru nomin toso" (The origins of 'serfs of capital' and related peasant struggles in modem Chinese history. Atarashii rekishigaku no tame ni 99: 12-22.

Hilton, Rodney (1978) The Transition from Feudalism to Capitalism. London: Verso.

Hobsbawm, E.J. (1964) "Introduction" to Karl Marx, Precapitalist Formations . London: Lawrence and Wishart .

Imahori Seiji (1968) Chugoku kindaishi kenkyu josetsu ( An introduction to the study of modern Chinese history. Tokyo: Keiso shobo.

--- ( 1963) Toyo shakai keizaishi josetsu (An introduction to East Asian socio-economic history. Tokyo: Yanagi-hana shoten.

——— (1955) Chugoku hoken shakai no kiko (The structure of Chinese feudal society. Tokyo: Nihon gakujutsu shinkokai.

——— (1953) Chugoku no shakai kozo (Chinese Social Structure). Tokyo: Yuhikaku .

Jing Su AND Luo Lun (1959) Qingdai Shandong jingying dizhu de shehui xingzhi (Social nature of managerial landlords m Shandong during the Qing dynasty). Jinan: Renmin chuban she.

Kataoka Shibako (1959) "Minmatsu Shinsho no Kahoku ni okeru noka keiei" (North China peasant enterprise in the late Ming and early Qing. Shakai keizai shigaku 25, 2/3: 77-100.

Kawachi Juzo (1972) Motakuto to gendai Chugoku (Mao Zedong and Contemporary China. Kyoto: Minerva shobo.

——— (1968) "Kyu Chugoku ni okeru noson keizai taisei to sonraku—Chugoku hoken seido kenkyu e no hitotsu no shikaku" (The rural economic system and the village in old China-a view on studies of Chinese feudalism , reprinted in Kawachi, 1972, pp. 130-150.

——— (1964) "1930 nendai Chugoku no nominso bunkai no haaku no tame ni" (Ways of looking at class differentiation in 1930s China. Rekishigaku kenkyu 290: 27-41.

——— (1963a) "Chugoku no jinushi keizai" (Chinese landlord economy. [Osaka shidai] Keizaigaku nenpo 18: 47-125.

——— (1963b) "Nijusseiki Chugoku no jinushi ichi zoku" ( One landlord lineage in twentieth-century China. Toyoshi kenkyu 21, 4: 139-170.

——— (1963c) "1930 nendai Chugoku no nogyo seisan ryoku kozo to saikin no doko" (The structure of forces of agrarian production in China in the 1930s and recent changes. Keizaigaku zasshi 49, 6: 1-29.

Kobayashi Yukio (1978) "Sokaku o meguru sho mondai" (Various problems in interpreting the Zu-he. (unpublished)

Kojima Yoshio (1978) "Jinushisei to nominso bunkai—shingai kakumei ki Konan o chushin to shite"(The landlord system and the class differentiation of the peasantry-with particular reference to Jiangnan in the period of the 1911 Revolution. Koza Chugoku kin-gendai shi, Vol. III. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

——— (1973) "Denno no zeiryo futan ni kan suru ichi kosatsu" (An investigation of tenant tax obligations. Shicho 112: 64-75.

Kotani Hiroshi (1978) "Kyu Chugoku noson keizai kenkyu no hihan teki kento" (A critical examination of research on rural economy in traditional China, in Koza shiteki yuibutsu ron to gendai , Vol. 3. Tokyo: Aoki shoten.

——— (1977) "Han shokuminchi, han hoken shakai kosei no gainen kitei"(A conceptual definition of the formation of semicolonial, semifeudal society. Rekishigaku kenkyu 446: 68-76.

——— (1974) "Ajia kindaika ni okeru nommso bunkai no tokushitsu-Satoi Hikoshichiro no han genchiku-hanpuro ni yosete" (The special characteristics of class differentiation in the modernization of Asia-a consideration of Satoi Hikoshichiro's semi-primitive accumulation, semi-proletariat. Rekishi hyoron 295: 11-21.

Kubota Bunji (1967) "Shin-matsu Shisen no dai denko" ( Large tenant households in Sichuan in the late Qing, in Kindai Chugoku noson shakai shi kenkyu. Tokyo: Kyuko shoin.

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——— (1893) "New Economic Developments in Peasant Life." (Reprinted as pp. 11-74 in Vol. I of Lenin, Collected Works. Moscow: Progress Publishers.)

Marx, Karl (1967) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Vol. III New York: International Publishers.

——— (1843) "On the Jewish Question," pp. 24-51 in Tucker (ed.) The Marx-Engels Reader. New York: W. W. Norton.

Mori Masao (1975-1976) "Nihon no Min-Shin jidaishi kenkyu ni okeru kyoshin ron ni tsuite" (Theories of the gentry in Japanese studies of Ming-Qing history. Rekishi hyoron, 308, ( 1975); 312, (1976a); 314 ( 1976b).

——— (1975a) "Giso ni tsuite no ichi kosatsu" ( An investigation of charitable granaries. Toyoshi kenkyu 33, 4; 59-98.

Muramatsu Yuji (1970) Kindai Konan no sosan (Rent Bursaries in Modern Jiangnan. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

——— (1966) "A Documentary study of Chinese landlordism in the late Ch'ing and early Republican Kiangnan." Bull. of the School of Oriental and African Studies 29: 3.

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——— ( 1972) "Commercialization of agriculture in modern China ," in Wilmot, Economic Organization in Chinese Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press .

Nakayama Mio (1979) "Shindai zenki Konan no bukka doko"( Jiangnan price trends in the first half of the Qing dynasty Toyoshi kenkyu 37, 4: 77-106.

——— ( 1978) "Shindai zenki Konan no beika doko ( Changes in Jiangnan rice prices in the first half of the Qing dynasty. Shigaku zasshi 87, 9.

Niida Noboru (1952-1958) Chugoku noson kanko chosa( An Investigation of Chinese Rural Customs. Tokyo: Iwanami.

——— ( 1952) Chugoku hoseishi (Chinese Legal History. Tokyo: Iwanami.

——— (1951) "Chugoku shakai no 'hoken to feyudarizumu"( "Hoken" and feudalism in Chinese society. Toyo bunka 5: 1-39.

Nishijima Sadao (1966) Chugoku keizaishi kenkyu (Studies in Chinese economic history. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

——— ( 1947) "Chugoku shoki mengyo no keisei to sono kozo" (The formation and structure of the early Chinese cotton industry , reprinted in Nishijima, 1966 .

Oyama Masaaki (1966-1967) "Min-matsu Shin-sho no dai tochi shoyu"(Large-scale landholding in the late Ming early Qing . Shigaku zasshi 66: 1-30; 67: 50-72.

Saeki Yuichi (1956) "Min-dai zenki no kiko"(Weaving households in the first half of the Ming. Toyo bunka kenkyujo kiyo 8.

Saeki Yuichi and Tanaka Masatoshi (1955) "Juroku-nana seiki no Chugoku noson sei shikinu origyo"(Chinese rural silk spinning and weaving in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Sekaishi koza, Vol. 1. Tokyo: Toyo Keizai shinposha.

Schram, Stuart (1971) The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung. New York: Praeger.

Shigeta Atsushi (1975) Shin-dai shakai keizaishi kenkyu. ( Studies in Qing Social and Economic History. Tokyo: Iwanami.

——— (1971) "Kyoshin chihai no seiritsu to kozo" ( The formation and structure of gentry control, reprinted in Shigeta, 1975.

Shiraishi Hiroo (1960) "Shin-matsu Konan no noson shakai" ( Rural society in late Qing Hunan), in Chugoku kindaika no shakai kozo(The social structure of Chinese modernization Tokyo: Kyuko shoin.

Sudo Yoshiyuki (1954) Chugoku tochi seidoshi kenkyu(Studies in the history of the Chinese land system. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

Suzuki Tomoo (1977) Kindai Chugoku no jinushi sei ( The landlord system in modern China. Tokyo: Kyuko shoin.

——— ( 1967) "Shm-matsu genso ron no tenkai" ( The development of rent reduction theories in the late Qing, reprinted in Suzuki, 1977.

Tajiri Toshi (1978) "Kyu Chugoku noson keizai kenkyu no hihanteki kento" (A critical examination of studies on the rural economy of traditional China ), in Shibaike Yasuo, Chugoku shakaishugi shi kenkyu (Studies in the history of Chinese socialism. Kyoto: Minerva shobo.

Takahashi Kosuke (1978a) "Shin-matsu jinushisei no saihen to nomin" (Peasants and the reorganization of the landlord system in the late Qing, in Koza Chugoku kin-gendai shi, Vol. I. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

——— (1978b) "Soron" (Introduction, in Koza Chugoku kin-gendai shi, Vol. II. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

Takahashi Mitsuru (1978) "Kindai Ajia shakai no seikaku kitei—Kotani Hiroshi no mondai teiki ni yosete" (The character of modern Asian society-on Kotani Hiroshi's problematique. Rekishigaku kenkyu 459: 46-52.

Tanaka Masatoshi (1973) Chugoku kindai keizaishi kenkyu josetsu ( Introductory studies on China's modern economic history. Tokyo: Tokyo University Press.

——— (1972) "Chugoku no henkaku to hokensei kenkyu no kadai " (Themes in the study of the feudal system and China's transformation . Rekishi hyoron 271: 51-77.

——— (1961a) "Min-pen, koso, dohen" (Popular rebellions, anti-rent struggles, and bondservant revolts. Sekai no rekishi, Vol. 11. Tokyo: Chikuma shobo.

——— (1961b) "Min-matsu Shin-sho Konan noson shu kogyo ni kan suru ichi kosatsu" (An investigation of rural handicraft in late Ming-early Qing Jiangnan, reprinted as pp. 79-100 in Tanaka, 1973.

Terada Takanobu (1961) "Shohin seisan to jinushi o meguru kenkyu" (Studies on landlordism and commodity production. Toyoshi kenkyu 19, 4: 70-79.

Tsurumi Naohiro (1971) "Min-dai m okeru goson shihai"( On rural control in the Ming dynasty, pp. 57-92 in Koza sekai rekishi , Vol. 12: Tokyo: Iwanami.

Uchiyama Masao ( 1979) "Kindai Chugoku ni okeru hatabako saibai ni tsuite no ichi kosatsu" (An investigation of tobacco cultivation in modern China. Shakai keizai shigaku 45, 1: 31-56.

——— (1977) "Kahoku noson shakai kenkyu no seika to kadai" (Themes and accomplishments in the study of North China rural society . Sundai shigaku 40: 123-140.

——— (1976) "Kindai Chugoku ni okeru jinushisei—kahoku no nogyo keiei o chushin to shite" (The landlord system in modern China—focusing on agricultural management in North China. Rekishi hyoron 319.

Unno Fumio (1975) "1930 nendai kyu Chugoku ni okeru tochi shoyu to kosaku kankei ni tsuite—shoyu no shuchu to shiyo no bunsan" (The relationship between landholding and tenancy m 1930s China—concentration of ownership and division of use. Tochi seido shigaku 66.

Wolf, Eric (1969) Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century. New York: Harper & Row.

Yamane Yukio (1951) "Jugo-roku seiki Chugoku ni okeru fuekirodosei no kaikaku" (Reform of the corvée system in fifteenth and sixteenth century China. Shigaku zasshi 60, 11: 43-68.

Yasuno Shozo (1961) "Min-matsu Shin-sho Yosuko churyuiki no dai tochi shoyu ni kan suru ichi kosatsu" (An investigation of large landholding in the Yangzi Valley in the late Ming-early Qing. Toyo gakuho 44, 3.

Yazawa Kosuke (1961) "Mmkoku chuki no Chugoku ni okeru nominso bunkai to sono seikaku" (The character of class differentiation in mid-Republican China. Shakai keizai shi gaku 27, 3.

Yoshida Koichi (1977a) "Nijusseiki zenhan Chugoku no ichi chiho shijo m okeru menka ryutsu ni tsuite" (Circulation of cotton in one local Chinese market m the first half of the twentieth century. Shirin 60, 2: 1-35.

——— ( 1977b) "Nijusseiki zenhan Chugoku no Santosho ni okeru hatabako saibai m tsuite" (Tobacco cultivation in Shandong in the first half of the twentieth century. [Shizuoka Daigaku] Kyoiku gakubu kenkyu hokoku 28: 15-33.

——— (1976) "Han shokuminchi Chugoku ni okeru nominso bunkai ni tsuite no oboegaki" (Notes on class differentiation in semicolonial China). Atarashii rekishi gaku no tame ni 142:9-17.

——— (1975) "Nijusseiki Chugoku no ichi mensaku noson ni okeru nominso bunkai m tsuite" (Class differentiation in one cotton village in twentieth century China. Toyoshi kenkyu 33, 4: 1-34.

——— (1974) "1930 nendai Chugoku noson keizai kenkyu no ichi seiri" (Studies on Chinese rural economy in the 1930s. Toyoshi kenkyu 33, 2: 280-290.