Sam Bass Warner, Jr. , The Private City (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1968); Allen F. Davis and Mark H. Haller, ed. The Peoples ofPhiladelphia (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Temple University Press, 1973); Bruce Laurie, Working People of Philadelphia, 1800-1850 (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Temple University Press, 1980).
2.
Dennis Clark, The Irish in Philadelphia: Ten Generations of Urban Experience ( Philadelphia: Philadelphia Temple University Press , 1973); The Irish Relations: Trials of an Immigrant Tradition (Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1982); Erin's Heirs: Irish Bonds of Community (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1991); Murray Friedman, Jewish Life in Philadelphia, 1830-1940 (Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of Human Issues, 1983).
3.
Humbert Nelli, The Italians in Chicago, 1880-1930: A Study in Ethnic Mobility ( New York: Oxford University Press, 1970); Virginia Yans McLaughlin, Family and Community: Italian Immigrants in Buffalo, 1880-1930 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1977); Donna Gabaccia, From Sicily to Elizabeth Street: Housing and Social Change Among Italian Immigrants, 1880-1930 (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1984); Robert Anthony Orsi, Madonna of 115th Street: Faith and Community in Italian Harlem, 1880-1950 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985).
4.
Giovanni Schiavo, Italians in America Before the Civil War (New York: Vigo Press, 1924); Four Centuries of Italian American History (New York: Vigo Press, 1952).
5.
Howard R. Marraro, American Opinion on the Unification of Italy, 1846-1861 ( New York: Columbia University Press, 1932); "Italo-Americans in Pennsylvania in the Eighteenth Century," Pennsylvania History, (July 1940); "Italians in Eighteenth-Century New York," New York History, (July 1940); "Italians in New York During the First Half of the Nineteenth Century," New York History, (July 1945); "Italians in New York in the Eighteen Fifties," New York History, (April-July 1949).
6.
Anne Murcott , "American Pie and Food for Thought," Nature393 (June 4, 1998): 427-28.
7.
Federal Writers' Project of WPA, "America Eats," Library of Congress, Manuscripts Division; Federal Writers' Project of the City of New York, WPA "Feeding the City," Municipal Archives of the City of New York; Federal Writers' Project of the City of New York, WPA, "Italians of New York," Municipal Archives of the City of New York; Regional Oral History Office, the Bancroft Library, University of California at Berkeley.
8.
Joe Gray Taylor , Eating, Drinking, and Visiting in the South (Baton Rouge, LA: LSU Press, 1982); Harvey A. Levenstein, Revolution at the Table: The Transformation of the American Diet (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988); Mary Taylor Simeti, Pomp and Sustenance: Twenty-Five Centuries of Sicilian Food (New York: Knopf, 1989); Alan M. Kraut, "The Butcher, the Baker, The Pushcart Peddler: Jewish Foodways and the Entrepreneurial Opportunity in the East European Immigrant Community, 1880-1940," Journal of American Culture6 (Winter, 1983): 71-83; and Linda K. Brown and Kay Mussell, Ethnic and Regional Foodways in the United States: The Performance of Group Identity ( Knoxville: University Press of Kentucky, 1984).
9.
George J. Borjas , "The Self-Employment Experience of Immigrants ," Journal of Human Resources21 (1986): 486-506; Jose Cobas, "Paths to Self-Employment among Immigrants ," Sociological Perspectives29 (1986): 101-20; Niles H. Hansen and Gilberto Cardenas, "Immigrant and Native Ethnic Enterprises in Mexican American Neighborhoods," International Migration Review22 ( 1988): 226-42; Ivan Light, Ethnic Enterprise in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972); Ivan Light and Edna Bonacich, Immigrant Entrepreneurs: Koreans in Los Angeles, 1965-1982 ( Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988); Robin Ward and Richard Jenkins, Ethnic Communications in Business: Strategies for Economic Survival (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984).
10.
Barbara Myerhoff , Number Our Days (New York : E. P. Dutton, 1978).
