David R. Goldfield, Cotton Fields and Skyscrapers: Southern City and Region ( Baltimore, 1989); Blaine A. Brownell, The City in Southern History: The Growth of Urban Civilization in the South (Port Washington, NY, 1977).
2.
Sam Bass Warner, The Urban Wilderness: A History of American City (New York , 1972).
3.
Lawrence H. Larsen, The Urban South: A History (Lexington, KY, 1990).
4.
Robin D. G. Kelley, Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and Black Working Class ( New York, 1994); Raymond Mohl, "The Second Ghetto and the 'Infiltration Theory' in Urban Real Estate, 1940-1960" in June Manning Thomas and Marsha Ritzdorf, eds., Urban Planning and the African American Community: In the Shadows (Thousand Oaks, CA, 1997): 58; Gregory Lamont Mixon, The Atlanta Riot: Race, Class, and Violence in a New South City ( Gainesville, 2005).
5.
Glenn T.Eskew, But for Birmingham: The Local and National Movements in the Civil Rights Struggle (Chapel Hill and London, 1997 ).
6.
John F. Bauman, Public Housing, Race, and Renewal: Urban Planning in Philadelphia 19201974 (Philadelphia, 1987) and June Manning Thomas, Redevelopment and Race: Planning A Finer City in Postwar Detroit ( Baltimore, 1997).
7.
Glenn T. Eskew.But for Birmingham: The Local and National Movements in the Civil Rights Struggle (Chapel Hill and London, 1997), 57.
8.
Douglas Smith, The New Deal in the Urban South (Baton Rouge, 1988).
9.
Hubert Blalock, Toward A Theory of Minority Group Relations (New York, 1967), 86.
10.
William Cronon , Nature's Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West (New York, 1991) ; Calvin Goldscheider, "Migration and Rural Social Structure: An Overview," in Calvin Goldscheider, ed., Rural Migration in Developing Nations: Comparative Studies of Korea, Sri Lanka, and Mali (Boulder, CO, 1983), 3-19; Ronald Skeldon, Population Mobility in Developing Countries: A Reinterpretation ( London, 1990), 42-43.
11.
Mark Bauerlin, Negrophobia: A Race Riot in Atlanta, 1906 (San Francisco , 2001), Allison Dorsey, To Build Our Lives Together: Community Formation in Black Atlanta, 1875-1906 ( Athens, GA, 2004).
12.
Belinda Robnett, How Long? How Long? African American Women In Struggle For Civil Rights (New York, 1997); Lynn Olson, Freedom Daughters: The Unsung Heroines of the Civil Rights Movement from 1830-1970 ( New York, 2001).
13.
Glenn Feldman, Before Brown: Civil Rights and White Backlash in the Modern South (Tuscaloosa, 2004), 2.
14.
Henry M. Mckiven, Jr., Iron and Steel: Race, Class and Community in Birmingham Alabama 1875-1920 (Chapel Hill, 1995), 25.
15.
Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880-1920 (Cambridge, MA, 1993), 15, 22-117.
