The present study addresses a topic neglected by the public administration literature: government corruption and its effects on public service systems. Specifically, the study focuses on the institutionalized form of government corruption and offers a framework to explain how corrupt industry operates. The results indicate that in countries with a high level of corruption, a higher ratio of public expenditure on education is associated with less effective educational outcomes, supporting the “wagon-wheel effect” (i.e., policy aimed to promote public service quality leads to its deterioration). The implications of the results for the administration of public service systems are discussed.
AcemogluD.VerdierT. (2000). The choice between market failures and corruption. American Economic Review, 90, 194-211.
2.
AcemogluD.VerdierT.RobinsonJ. A. (2004). Kleptocracy and divide-and-rule: A model of personal rule. Journal of the European Economic Association, 2, 162-192.
3.
AgbiboaD. E. (2015). Protectors or predators? The embedded problem of police corruption and deviance in Nigeria. Administration & Society, 47, 244-281.
4.
AikenL. S.WestS. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
5.
AquinoK.ReedA.II. (2002). The self-importance of moral identity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 1423-1440.
6.
AshforthB. E.AnandV. (2003). The normalization of corruption in organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 25, 1-52.
7.
AshforthB. E.GioiaD. A.RobinsonS. L.TrevinoL. K. (2008). Re-viewing organizational corruption. Academy of Management Review, 33, 670-684.
8.
AuyeroJ.LapegnaP.PomaF. P. (2009). Patronage politics and contentious collective action: A recursive relationship. Latin American Politics and Society, 51, 1-31.
9.
BabiakP.HareR. D. (2006). Snakes in suits: When psychopaths go to work. New York, NY: Regan Books.
10.
BeckerG. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (3rd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
11.
DehnJ.ReinikkaR.SvenssonJ. (2003). Survey tools for assessing performance in service delivery. In BourguignonF.Pereira da SilvaL. (Eds.), The impact of economic policies on poverty and income distribution: Evaluation techniques and tools (pp. 191-212). New York, NY: The World Bank and Oxford University Press.
Elboim-DrorR. (1971). The resistance to change of educational administration. Futures, 3, 201-214.
14.
EtzioniA. (1969). The semi-professions and their organization: Teachers, nurses and social workers. New York, NY: Free Press.
15.
FismanR.SvenssonJ. (2000). Are corruption and taxation really harmful to growth? Firm level evidence (Policy Research Working Paper No. 2485). Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group.
16.
FjeldeH.HegreH. (2014). Political corruption and institutional stability. Studies in Comparative International Development, 49, 267-299.
17.
FrostA. G.RafilsonF. M. (1989). Overt integrity tests versus personality-based measures of delinquency: An empirical comparison. Journal of Business and Psychology, 3, 269-277.
18.
GuptaS.DavoodiH. R.TiongsonE. (2000). Corruption and the provision of health care and education services (No. 2000-2116). Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
19.
GuptaS.de MelloL.SharanR. (2001). Corruption and military spending. European Journal of Political Economy, 17, 749-777.
20.
HaughtonJ. H.KhandkerS. R. (2009). Handbook on poverty and inequality. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.
21.
HeynemanS. P. (2004). Education and corruption. International Journal of Educational Development, 24, 637-648.
22.
HeynemanS. P. (2009). Buying your way into heaven: Education and corruption in international perspective. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publisher.
23.
HeynemanS. P. (2011). The concern with corruption in higher education. In TriciaB. G. (Ed.), Creating the ethical academy: A systems approach to understanding misconduct and empowering change (pp. 13-26). New York: Routledge.
24.
HeynemanS. P. (2013). Higher education institutions: Why they matter and why corruption puts them at risk. In Transparency International (Ed.), Global corruption report: Education (pp. 101-108). Oxon, UK: Routledge.
25.
HeynemanS. P.AndersonK. H.NuraliyevaN. (2008). The cost of corruption in higher education. Comparative Education Review, 52, 1-25.
26.
JávorI.JancsicsD. (2013). The role of power in organizational corruption: An empirical study. Administration & Society. Advance online publication. doi:10.1177/0095399713514845
27.
KhanM. H. (1996). The efficiency implications of corruption. Journal of International Development, 8, 683-696.
28.
KurerO. (1993). Clientelism, corruption and the allocation of resources. Public Choice, 77, 259-273.
29.
LambsdorffJ. G. (2007). The institutional economics of corruption and reform: Theory, evidence and policy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
30.
LangeD. (2008). A multidimensional conceptualization of organizational corruption control. Academy of Management Review, 33, 710-729.
31.
LanyonR. I.GoodsteinL. D. (2004). Validity and reliability of a pre-employment screening test: The counterproductive behavior index (CBI). Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 533-553.
32.
LeffN. H. (1964). Economic development through bureaucratic corruption. American Behavioral Scientist, 8, 8-14.
33.
LewisM. (2006). Governance and corruption in public health care systems (Working Paper No. 78). Washington, DC: Center for Global Development.
34.
LutzW.SamirK. C. (2011). Global human capital: Integrating education and population. Science, 333, 587-592.
35.
LynnL. E.HeinrichC. J.HillC. J. (2000). Studying governance and public management: Challenges and prospects. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10, 233-262.
36.
MauroP. (1998). Corruption and the composition of government expenditure. Journal of Public Economics, 69, 263-279.
37.
MauroP. (2002). The persistence of corruption and slow economic growth (IMF Working Papers No. 02/213). Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
38.
MéonP. G.SekkatK. (2005). Does corruption grease or sand the wheels of growth?Public Choice, 122, 69-97.
39.
MéonP. G.WeillL. (2010). Is corruption an efficient grease?World Development, 38, 244-259.
40.
MisangyiV. F.WeaverG. R.ElmsH. (2008). Ending corruption: The interplay among institutional logics, resources, and institutional entrepreneurs. Academy of Management Review, 33, 750-770.
41.
MyrdalG. (1968). Asian drama: An enquiry into the poverty of nations (Vol. 2). New York, NY: The Twentieth Century Fund.
42.
NirA. E.Sharma KafleB. (2013). The effect of political stability on public education quality. International Journal of Educational Management, 27, 110-126.
43.
NybladeB.ReedS. R. (2008). Who cheats? Who loots? Political competition and corruption in Japan, 1947-1993. American Journal of Political Science, 52, 926-941.
44.
NyeJ. S. (1967). Corruption and political development: A cost-benefit analysis. American Political Science Review, 61, 417-427.
45.
Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). (2011). Tackling inequality growing income inequality in OECD countries: What drives it and how can policy tackle it?Paris, France: OECD.
46.
OsipianA. L. (2012). Education corruption, reform, and growth: Case of Post-Soviet Russia. Journal of Eurasian Studies, 3, 20-29.
47.
PiotrowskiS. J. (2014). Transparency: A regime value linked with ethics. Administration & Society, 46, 181-189.
48.
ReinikkaR.SvenssonJ. (2005). Fighting corruption to improve schooling: Evidence from a newspaper campaign in Uganda. Journal of the European Economic Association, 3, 259-267.
49.
RhodesR. A. (2000). Governance and public administration. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
50.
RodriguezP.UhlenbruckK.EdenL. (2005). Government corruption and the entry strategies of multinationals. Academy of Management Review, 30, 383-396.
51.
Rose-AckermanS. (1997). The political economy of corruption. In ElliottK. A. (Ed.), Corruption and the global economy (pp. 31-60). Washington, DC: Peterson Institute.
52.
Rose-AckermanS. (1999). Corruption and government: Causes, consequences, and reform. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
53.
SandholtzW.KoetzleW. (2000). Accounting for corruption: Economic structure, democracy, and trade. International Studies Quarterly, 44, 31-50.
54.
SwaroopV.RajkumarA. S. (2002). Public spending and outcomes: Does governance matter? (Policy Research Working Paper No. 2840). Washington, DC: World Bank.
