Disclosure of Mental Illness to Employers: Legal Recourses and Ramifications

Abstract

Court rulings on discriminatory employment procedures have varied in their interpretation of the law. The landmark Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 promises to eliminate discrimination against the increasing number of physically and mentally disabled. This article examines past legislation, case law, and changes under the ADA that have affected or will affect the mentally ill in the employment setting. The ADA addresses the issue of confidentiality, distinguishing drug testing from medical examination restrictions. Controversy regarding its implementation is discussed, emphasizing the legal ramifications for psychiatrists who may be asked to assess the fitness of applicants and employees and to make recommendations regarding their “reasonable accommodation.”