Preclinical and Clinical Investigation of Drugs II. Antitussive Drugs

Salem H. Aviado D.M. : Antitussive drugs with special reference to a new theory for the initiation of the cough reflex and the influence of bronchodilators, Am. J. Med. Sci. 247: 585–600, 1964.

Greene L.C. : Techniques for evaluating antitussive drugs in animals, pp. 312–321. In: Mantegezza P. Piccinini F. , eds., Methods in drug evaluation. North Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1966.

Tersteege H.M. Funcke A.B.H. Louwerse W.J. Nauta W. Th. : Pharmacological properties of xyloxemine hydrochloride, 2-[2-(di-2, 6-xylylmethoxyethoxy]-N,N-dimethylethylamine hydrochloride (BS 6748), a new antitussive agent. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 161: 314–333, 1966.

Chalmers R.K. : Cough Depressants, pp.21–25. In: Handbook of non-prescription drugs. Am. Pharm. Assoc., Washington, D.C., 1969.

Bickerman H.A. Rodgers J.M. Reilly E.B. : Role of bronchoconstriction in the cough reflex, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 14: 131, 1973.

Bucher K. : Tessalon, ein hustenstillendes Mittel von neuartigem Wirkungsmechanismus, Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. 86: 94–96, 1956.

Salem H. Aviado D.M. : Antitussive agents, pp.1–833. In: International Encyclopedia of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, section 27, Vols. 1, 2 and 3. Pergamon Press, London, 1970.

Silvestrini B. Maffii G. : Rilevo dell'azione antitosse negli animali di laboratorio e rapporti tra azione bechica ed altre proprieta farmacologiche, Farmaco Sci. 14: 440–464, 1959.

Winter C.A. Flataker L. : Antitussive compounds: Testing methods and results, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 112: 99–108, 1954.

Kallqvist I. Melander B. : Experimental and clinical evaluation of chlorcyclizine as an antitussive, Arzneim. Forsch. 7: 301–304, 1957.

Salle J. Brunaud M. : Nouvelle technique d'enregistrement des mouvements de toux provoques par l'inhalation de vapeurs irritantes chez le cobaye, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 126: 120–125, 1960.

Winter C.A. Flataker L. : The effects of drugs upon a graded cough response obtained in sensitized guinea pigs exposed to aerosol of specific antigen, J. Exp. Med. 101: 17–24, 1955.

Peacock P.R. : Cough reflex in animals, Br. Med. J. 1:120. 1964.

Salem H. Aviado D.M. : Previously unpublished data presented in Tables 3–6 of this paper.

Eichler O. Smiatek A. : Versuche zur Auswertung von Mitteln zur Bekaempfung des Reizhustens, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmakol. Exp. Pathol. 194: 621–628, 1940.

Ogata A. Takagi K. Mizutani A. : Apparatus for the assay of compounds possessing activities against central nerves to stop coughing, J. Pharm. Soc. Jap. 63: 412–416, 1943.

Friebel H. Reichle C. Graevenitz A.V. : Zur Hemmung des Hustenreflexes durch zentral angreifende Arzneimittel, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmakol. Exp. Pathol. 224: 384–400, 1955.

Takagi K. Fukuda H. Yano K. : Studies on antitussives I. Bioassay of antitussives, J. Pharm. Soc. Jap. 80: 1497–1501, 1960.

Hara S. Yanaura S. : A method of inducing and recording cough and examination of the action of some drugs with this method, Jap. J. Pharmacol. 9: 46–54, 1959.

Chermat R. Kornowski H. Jondet A. : Technique de selection rapide des substances antitussives; application a l'evaluation de l'activite d'un derive de la promethazine, Ann. Pharm. Fr. 24: 181–184, 1966.

Lemeignan M. Streichenberger G. Lechat P. : The use of decerebrated guinea pigs for the study of antitussive agents, Therapie 21: 361–366, 1966.

Tomori Z. Gombos B. Benicky L. Mokranova L. Luptakova M. : Acetylcholine test in patients working in dusty atmospheres and in cats, pp.221–225. In: Aviado D.M. Palecek F. , eds., vol. 11, Drugs and respiration, Proc. 2nd Int. Pharmacol Meet. Pergamon Press, London, 1964.

Stefko P.L. Denzel J. Hickey I. : Experimental investigation of nine antitussive drugs, J. Pharm. Sci. 50: 216–221, 1961.

Muller B. : Zum Mechanismus des Hustens, Helv. Physiol. Pharmacol. Acta 12: 137–146, 1954.

Gutekunst J.A. : Zur Charakterisierung der Hustenstaerke durch den Pleuradruck, Helv. Physiol. Pharmacol. Acta 13: 295–299, 1955.

May A.J. Widdicombe J.C. : Depression of the cough reflex by pentobarbitone and some opium derivatives, Br. J. Pharmacol. 9: 335–340, 1954.

Konzett H. Rothlin E. : The effect of narcotine on the cough reflex and on the bronchial muscles, Experientia 10: 472–473, 1954.

Domenjoz R. : Zur Auswertung hustenstillender Arzneimittel, Naunyn — Schmiedebers's Arch. Pharmakol. Exp. Pathol. 215: 19–24, 1952.

Toner J.J. Macko E. : Pharmacology studies on bis-[1-carbo-β-diethylaminoethoxy)-1-phenylcyclo-pentane] - ethane disulfonate, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 106:246–251, 1952.

Chakravarty N.K. Matallana A. Jensen R. Borison H.L. : Central effects of antitussive drugs on cough and respiration, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 117: 127–135, 1956.

Matallana A. Borison H.L. : Antitussive agents and centrally-induced cough, Fed. Proc. 14: 367–368, 1955.

Ernst A.M. : Action of narcotics on the ciliated epithelium of the trachea and bronchi, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 58: 208–212, 1938.

Ernst A.M. : Pharmakologische Untersuchungen und Wertbestimmung von hustenstillenden Mitteln, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 58: 363–369, 1938.

Ernst A.M. : Morphine, codeine and cough, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 61: 73–76, 1939.

van Dongen K. : The effect of narcotine, ticarda and Romilar on coughs and on the movements of the cilia in the air passages, Acta Physiol. Pharmacol. Neerl. 4: 500–507, 1956.

Rosiere CE Winder C.V. Wax J. : Ammonia cough elicited through a tracheal side tube in unanesthetized dogs; comparative antitussive bioassay of four morphine derivatives and methadone in terms of ammonia thresholds, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 116: 296–316, 1956.

Winter C.A. Flataker L. : Antitussive action of d-isomethadone and d-methadone in dogs, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 81: 463–465, 1952.

Chen J.Y.P. Biller H.F. Montgomery E.G. : Pharmacologic studies on a new antitussive, alpha-(dimethylaminoethyl)-ortho-chlorobenzhydrol hydrochloride (SL-501, Bayer B-186), J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 128: 384–391, 1960.

Gross A. : Etude experimentale, chez le chien chloralose, de l'action antitussive de la codeine, au moyen du reflexe pleuro-tussigene et de la toux iobelinique, C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 151: 704–707, 1957.

Kase Y. : The coughing dog: An improved method for the evaluation of an antitussive, Pharm. Bull. (Japan) 2: 298–299, 1954.

Kase Y. : Pharmacological studies on cough reflex, Part 3. “Coughing dog” and its application, Jap. J. Pharmacol. 4: 130–135, 1955.

Tedeschi R.E. Tedeschi D.H. Hitchens J.T. Cook L. Mattis P.A. Fellows E.J. : A new antitussive method involving mechanical stimulation in unanesthetized dogs, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 126: 338–344, 1959.

Schroeder W. : Die Verwendung des Vagusschlingenhundes fuer die Wertbestimmmung hustenstillender Substanzen, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmakol. Exp. Pathol. 212: 433–439, 1951.

Bobb J.R.R. Ellis S. : Production of cough and its suppression in the unanesthetized dog, Am. J. Physiol. 167: 768–769, 1951.

Stefko P.L. Benson W.M. : A method for the evaluation of antitussive agents in the unanesthetized dog, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 108: 217–223, 1953.

Granier-Doyeux M. Horande M. Kucharski W. : Methode d'evaluation quantitative des agents antitussigenes, Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 121: 287–296, 1959.

Bernard M. : Technique de toux experimentale chez le chien par excitation faradique de la pleure viscerale, C.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris)., 150: 1936–1940, 1956.

Gross A. Lebon P. Rambert R. : Technique de toux experimentale chez le chien par excitation faradique, sous bronchoscopie, de l'eperon tracheal, C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris), 152: 495–497, 1958.

Mansi W. Schofield P.B. Stewart S.J. Townson R.S. : Contagious rhinitis in dogs, Vet. Rec. 77: 940–941, 1965.

Palecek F. Mikulaskova J. : The pharmacology of pholcodine, Cesk. Farm. 12: 89–94, 1963.

Wiedemijer J.C. : A screening method for antitussive compounds, Acta Physiol. Pharmacol. Neerl. 9: 501–508, 1960.

Reichle C. Friebel H. : Zur Hemmung des Hustenreflexes durch zentral angreifende Arzneimmittel, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmakol. Exp. Pathol. 226: 558–562, 1955.

Bucher K. ,: Antitussive drugs, pp. 175–200. In: Root W.S. Hofmann F.G. , eds., Physiological Pharmacology, Vol. 2. Academic Press, New York, 1965.

Drummond R.A. : A fishy monitor — or — Gesundheit under water, Ind. Res. 16:33, August, 1974.

Nicolis F.B. : Evaluation of antitussive agents, pp. 231–265. In: International encyclopedia of pharmacology and therapeutics, sect. 26, Vol. 1. Pergamon Press, London.

Tiffeneau R. : The acetylcholine cough test, Dis. Chest, 31: 404–422, 1957.

Haslreiter E. : The acetylcholine cough test as a means of evaluation of a new antitussive, Arzneim. Forsch. 9: 769–773, 1959.

Prime F.J. : The assessment of antitussive drugs in man, Br. Med. J. 1: 1149–1151, 1961.

Sarvan B. : On the protective effect of anew type of antitussive in the acetylcholine cough test, Med. Klin. 57: 1142–1144, 1962.

Sevelius H. Hoffmann R.C. Brill M.D. Colmore J.P. : Cis-paracoumaric acid in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema and chronic bronchitis, J. New Drugs 5: 102–108, 1965.

Trendelenburg U. : The action of a few cough remedies on the cough threshold and respiration, Acta Physiol. Scand. 21: 174–186, 1950.

Hoeglund N.J. Michaelsson M. : A method for determing the cough threshold with some preliminary experiments on the effect of codeine, Acta Physiol. Scand. 21: 168–173, 1950.

Bickerman H.A. Barach A.L. : The experimental production of cough in human subjects induced by citric acid aerosols; preliminary studies on the evaluation of antitussive agents, Am. J. Med. Sci. 228: 156–163, 1954.

Bickerman H.A. Cohen B.M. German E. : The cough response of normal human subjects stimulated experimentally by citric acid aerosol; alterations produced by antitussive agents, Am. J. Med. Sci. 232: 57–65, 1956.

Morris D.J. Shane S.J. : Human bioassay of a new antitussive agent, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 83: 1093–1095, 1960.

Hoff G. Christensen J.A. : An important factor in judging experimental cough response [pharmacologic method], Fed. Proc. 22: 542, 1963.

Calesnick B. Alexander E. : Cough threshold as an index of antitussive activity, Fed. Proc. 22: 542, 1963.

Calesnick B. Christensen J.A. : Latency of cough response as a measure of antitussive agents, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 8: 374–380, 1967.

Silson J.E. : A new method for evaluating antitussive medications using the citric acid challenge technique, J. New Drugs 4: 229, 1964.

Hillis B.R. : The assessment of cough-suppressing drugs, Lancet 1: 1230–1235, 1952.

Nadel J.A. Salem H. Tamplin B. Tokiwa Y. : Mechanism of bronchoconstriction during inhalation of sulfur dioxide, J. Appl. Physiol. 20: 164–167, 1965.

Eckenhoff J.E. Comroe J.H. Jr. : Blocking action of tetraethylammonium on lobelin-induced thoracic pain, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 76: 725–726, 1951.

Hillis B.R. Kelly J.C.C. : Effect of hexamethonium iodide on lobeline-stimulated coughing, Glasg. Med. J. 32: 72–76, 1951.

Konar N.R. Dasgupta S. : A chemical method for exciting cough reflex in human beings and its use in assessing the effectiveness of cough sedatives, J. Indian Med. Assoc. 32: 189–193, 1959.

Barach A.L. Beck G.J. Bickerman H.A. Seanor H.E. : Physical methods simulating mechanisms of the human cough, J. Appl. Physiol. 5: 85–91, 1952.

Beck G.J. Bickerman H.A. Marder M.J. : Advances in inhalational therapy, Gen. Pract. Clin. 10: 51–60, 1954.

Don H.F. Robson J.G. : Effect of mechanical stimulation of the lower airway on respiratory mechanics in apneic anesthetized man, Anesthesiology 27: 284–287, 1966.

Steinhaus J.E. Gaskin L. : A study of intravenous lidocaine as a suppressant of cough reflex, Anesthesiology 24: 285–290, 1963.

Loudon R.G. Brown L.C. Hurst S.K. : Cough frequency in a group of males, Arch. Environ. Health 11: 372–374, 1965.

Plumb C.S. : Clinical evaluation of an expectorant in an industrial facility, Clin. Med. 69: 2014–2018, 1962.

Snyder A.J. : How reliably can industrial dispensaries rate the same drug given in disguised forms, Ind. Med. Surg. 33: 661–662, 1964.

Cass L.J. Frederik W.S. : Comparative clinical effectiveness of cough medication, Am. Pract. 2: 844–851, 1951.

Cass L.J. Frederik W.S. Andosca J.B. : Quantitative comparison of dextromethorphan hydrobromide and codeine, Am. J. Med. Sci. 227: 291–296, 1954.

Ralph N. : Evaluation of a new cough suppressant, Am. J. Med. Sci. 227: 297–303, 1954.

Snell E.S. Armitage P. : Clinical comparison of diamorphine and pholcodine as cough suppressants by a new method of sequential analysis, Lancet 272: 860–862, 1957.

Gruber C.M. Jr. Carter G.H. Chernish S.M. Epstein I.L. Killinger R.R. Largaespada M. Priebe F. Rafalski T.A. Sparkman D.R. : Evaluation of an antitussive drug, J. Indiana Med. Assoc. 54: 1643–1646, 1961.

Woolf C.R. Rosenberg A. : The cough suppressant effect of heroin and codeine: A controlled clinical study, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 86: 810–812, 1962.

Woolf C.R. Rosenberg A. : The objective assessment of cough suppressants under clinical conditions using a tape recording system, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis 86: 115, 1962.

Woolf C.R. Rosenberg A. : Objective assessment of cough suppressants under clinical conditions using a tape recorder system, Thorax 19: 125–130, 1964.

Nicolis F.B. Pasquariello G. : Controlled clinical trials of antitussive agents; an experimental evaluation of different methods, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 136: 183–189, 1962.

Chernish S.M. Lewis G. Kraft B. Howell J. : Clinical evaluation of a new antitussive preparation, Ann. Allergy 21: 677–682, 1963.

Kaplan H. Sherwood H. Epstein J. : Clinical impression and subsequent double blind study of an antitussive preparation, Ann. Allergy 23: 111–114, 1965.

Sevelius H. Colmore J.P. : Objective assessment of antitussive agents in patients with chronic cough, J. New Drugs 5: 262, 1965.

Sevelius H. Colmore J.P. : Objective assessment of antitussive agents in patients with chronic cough J. New Drugs 6: 216–223, 1966.

Food & Drug Administration: Prescription drugs indicated for cough and allergy; hearing on interim guidelines for formulation and labeling, Fed. Regist. 38: 12769–71, May 15, 1973.

Burrows B. Niden A.H. Barclay W.R. Kasik J.E. : Chronic obstructive lung disease I. Clinical and physiologic findings in 175 patients and their relationship to age and sex, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 91: 521–540, 1965.

Gaensler E.A. Lindgren I. : Chronic Bronchitis as an etiologic factor in obstructive emphysema, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 80: 185–193, 1959.

Talamo R.C. Blennerhassett J.B. Austen K.F. : Familial emphysema and alpha₁-antitrypsin deficiency, N. Engl. J. Med. 275: 1301–1304, 1966.

Watts R.E. Bennett D.J. Horton D.A. Wright J.S. : Spontaneous pneumothorax; a rational approach to treatment, Med. J. Aust. 1: 538–539, 1970.

Gruhzit C.C. : Chemoreflex activity of dextromethorphan (Romilar), dextrorphan, codeine and morphine in the cat and the dog, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 120: 399–407, 1957.

Kalish J. : Modern cough mixtures, Drug Cosmet. Ind. 92: 696–698, 1963.

Sokoloff M.J. : Mechanisms and management of cough, Med. Clin. North Am. 45: 1437–1442, 1961.

Ornston D.G. : A contribution to cough control, Med. Times 75: 370–400, 1947.

Christophe K. : Experiences in relief of cough by use of an orally inhaled aliphatic amine, Med. Rec. 161: 417–418, 1948.

Silcox L.E. : A new drug for the control of cough, Arch. Otolaryngol. 47: 822–824, 1948.

Horan J.D. : Antihistamines, Can. Med. Assoc. J. 93: 1031–1032, 1965.

Feinstein A.R. : The need for humanized science in evaluating medication, Lancet, 2: 421–23, 1972.