This article begins by reviewing the development of community education in two-year colleges. It focuses on the five major types of community education programs: adult education, continuing education, lifelong learning, community services, and especially community-based education. The article concludes by discussing the challenges community education programs face due to the conflicting missions of the community college, and it provides suggestions for research and practice.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
American Association of Community Colleges. (2004a). AACC mission statement: Building a nation of learners. Retrieved August 5, 2004, from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/Content/NavigationMenu/AboutAACC/Mission/OurMissionStatement.htm
2.
American Association of Community Colleges. (2004b). Community colleges past to present. Retrieved April 28, 2003, from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/Content/NavigationMenu/AboutCommunityColleges/HistoricalInformation/PasttoPresent/PasttoPresent.htm
3.
Amey, M. J., VanDer Linden, K., & Brown, D. F. (2002). Career mobility and administrative issues: A twenty year comparison of the changing faces of community colleges. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 26(7-8), 573-589.
4.
Baker, G. A. (Ed.). (1994). A handbook on the community college in America: Its history, mission, and management. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
5.
Barton County Community College. (n.d.). Programs and curricula. Retrieved October 24, 2004, from http://www.barton.cc.ks.us/programsandcurricula/default.htm
6.
Bergquist, W. (1998). The postmodern challenge: Changing our community colleges. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
7.
Blumenthal, A. J. (2002). English as a second language at the community college: An exploration of context and concerns. In T. H. Bers, & H. D. Calhoun (Eds.), Next steps for the community college (pp. 45-53). New Directions for Community Colleges, no. 117. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
8.
Bogart, Q. J. (1994). The community college mission. In G. A. Baker (Ed.), A handbook on the community college in America: Its history, mission, and management (pp. 60-73). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
9.
Boone, E. J. (1992). Community-based programming: An opportunity and imperative for the community college. Community College Review, 20(3), 8-20.
10.
Boone, E. J., & Associates. (1997). Community leadership through community-based programming: The role of the community college. Washington, DC: Community College Press.
11.
Boone, E. J., & Vaughan, G. B. (1993). Positioning the community college for community leadership [Electronic Version]. Leadership Abstracts, 6(3).
12.
Boyte, H., & Kari, N. (1995). Reinventing citizenship: The practice of public work. Retrieved April 19, 2004, from University of Minnesota Extension Services Web site: http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/citizenship/DH6586.html
13.
Cohen, A., & Brawer, F. (2003). The American community college (4th ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
14.
Commission on the Future of Community Colleges. (1988). Building communities: A vision for a new century. Washington, DC: American Association of Community Colleges.
15.
Deegan, W. L., Tillery, D., & Associates. (1985). Renewing the American community college: Priorities and strategies for effective leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
16.
Dougherty, K. (1994). The contradictory college: The conflicting origins, impacts, andfutures of the community college. Albany: State University of New York Press.
17.
Dougherty, K. & Bakia, M.F. (1999). The new economic development role of the community college. New York: Columbia University, Teachers College, Community College Research Center. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED439750)
18.
Fields, R. R. (1962). The community college movement. NY: McGraw-Hill.
19.
Gleazer, E. J. (1974a). After the boom.. What now for the community colleges?Community and Junior College Journal, 44(4), 6-11.
20.
Gleazer, E. J. (1974b). Beyond the open door: The open college. Community and Junior College Journal, 45(1), 6-12.
21.
Harlacher, E. L. (1969). The community dimension of the community college. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
22.
Harlacher, E. L., & Gollattscheck, J. F. (1978). Editors' Notes. In E. L. Harlacher, & J. F. Gollattscheck (Eds.), Implementing community-based education (pp. vii-ix). New Directions for Community Colleges, no. 21. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
23.
Hiemstra, R. (1993). The educative community. (3rd ed.). Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Adult Education Publications.
24.
Holub, J. D. (1996). The role of the rural community college in rural community development. ERIC Digest. Los Angeles: ERIC Clearinghouse for Community Colleges, University of California, Los Angeles. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED391558)
25.
Kennedy-King College. (2004). Continuing education. Retrieved on October 24, 2004, from http://kennedyking.ccc.edu/continuingeducation.htm
26.
LeCroy, N. A. (1993). Building on natural strengths: The role of the community college in community development. Phoenix, AZ: League for Innovation in the Community College.
27.
LeCroy, N., & Tedrow, B. (1993). Catalyst for community change: Helping to address critical issues [Electronic version]. Leadership Abstracts, 6(5).
28.
Levin, J. S. (2000). The revised institution: The community college mission at the end of the twentieth century. Community College Review, 28(2), 1-25.
29.
Massasoit Community College. (2004). Community education at Massasoit. Retrieved October 24, 2004, from http://www.massasoit.mass.edu/workforce/commed.cfm
30.
McGuire, K. B. (1988). State of the art in community-based education in the American community college. Washington, DC: American Association of Community and Junior Colleges.
31.
Merriam, S. B., & Cunningham, P. M. (Eds.). (1989). Handbook of adult and continuing education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
32.
National Community Education Association. (n.d.). Community education: What is it? Retrieved March 17, 2004, from http://www.ncea.com/readingroom/definingcommed.htm
33.
Orr, M. T. (2001). Community colleges and their communities: Collaboration for workforce development. In D. D. Bragg (Ed.) The new vocationalism in community colleges (pp. 39-49). New Directions for Community Colleges, no. 115. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
34.
Phinney, L., Schoen, M. K., & Hause, E. (2002). Community college engagement in community programs and services (AACC Research Brief No. AACC-RB-0209). Washington, DC: American Association of Community Colleges. Retrieved November 17, 2004, from http://www.aacc.nche.edu/Content/ContentGroups/ResearchBriefs2/AACCBriefFinal.pdf
35.
Pima Community College. (n.d.). About PCAE. Retrieved October 24, 2004, from http://cc.pima.edu/dept/pcae/about.htm
36.
Ratcliff, J. L. (1994). Seven streams in the historical development of the modern American community college. In G. A. Baker (Ed.), A handbook on the community college in America: Its history, mission, and management (pp. 3-16). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
37.
Seminole Community College. (2004). Community education. Retrieved October 24, 2004, from http://www.scc-fl.edu/communityeducation/
38.
Southeastern Community College. (n.d.). Contract training. Retrieved November 18, 2004, from http://www.secc.cc.ia.us/cbis/contract.html
39.
Vaughan, G. B. (2000). The community college story (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: Community College Press.