A structured-performance test requiring patients to demonstrate selected activities of daily living was designed to objectively measure the self-care capacity of geriatric psychiatric patients. The background, rationale, usefulness, and specific administration and scoring procedures are presented. The test is simple to administer and promises to be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
LawtonE. B., Activities of Daily Living for Physical Rehabilitation, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1963
2.
BuchwaldE., Physical Rehabilitation for Daily Living, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1952
3.
DollE., Measurement of Social Competence, A Manual for the Vineland Social Maturity Scale. American Guidance Service, Minnesota, 1953
4.
Staff of Benjamin Rose Hospital, Multidisciplinary Study of Illness in Aged Persons, MethodsI. and Preliminary Results, Journal of Chronic Diseases, 7, pp. 322–345, 1958
5.
ZemanF. D., The Functional Capacity of the Aged: Its Estimation and Practical Importance, Journal of Mount Sinai, 14, p. 721, 1947
6.
PlutchikR. and ConteH., Change in Social and Physical Functioning of Geriatric Patients Over a One-Year Period, Unpublished manuscript.
7.
PlutchikR., ConteH., LiebermanM., BakurM., GrossmanJ. and LehrmanN., Reliability and Validity of a Scale for Assessing the Functioning of Geriatric Patients, Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 18, pp. 491500,1970.
8.
AlbertsD., HowardG. and PasewarR., The Geriatric Profile Index: A System for Identifying, Managing and Planning for Geriatric Patients in State Hospitals, Journal of A merican Geriatrics Society, 17, pp. 1108–1112, 1969
9.
AndersonD., Hospital Discharge of the Geriatric Patient: A Team Process, Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 11, pp. 266–277, 1963
10.
Staff of Benjamin Rose Hospital. Multidisciplinary Studies of Illness in Aged Persons, IIPrognosticI. Indices in Fracture of the Hip, Journal of Chronic Diseases, 11, pp. 445–455, 1966
11.
LawtonM. P., and BrodyE. M., Assessment of Older People: SelfMaintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Gerontologist, 9, pp. 179–186, 1969
12.
StotskyB., A Controlled Study of Factors in the Successful Adjustment of Mental Patients to Nursing Homes, American Journal of Psychiatry, 123, pp. 1243–1251, 1967
13.
MeerB. and KragG., Correlates of Disability in a Population of Hospitalized Geriatric Patients, Journal of Gerontology, 19, pp. 440–446, 1964
14.
WilsonL. A., GrantK., WhitneyP. M. and KerridgeD. F., Mental Status of Elderly Hospital Patients Related to Occupational Therapist's Assessment of Activities of Daily Living, Gerontologica Clinica, 17, pp. 197–202, 1973
15.
MarksonE. and Unit Staff, Geriatric Studies Report No. 1, A Hiding Place to Die, International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 1, 1970
16.
EhrenteilO., Behavioral Changes of Aging Chronic Psychotics, New Thoughts on Old Age, KastenbaumR. (ed.), Springer, New York, 1964
17.
KeupW., The Home Concept of Psychiatric Patients and Prevention of Chronic Hospitalization, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, 17, pp. 23–33, 1969
18.
EpsteinL. J. and SimonA., Alternatives to State Hospitalization for the Geriatric Mentally Ill. American Journal of Psychiatry,124,.pp. 115–121, 1968
19.
EpsteinL. J., RobinsonS. C. and SimonA., Predictors of Survival in Geriatric Mental Illness During the Eleven Years after Initial Hospital Admission, Journal of American Geriatric Society, 19, pp. 913–922, 1971
20.
GoldfarbA. I., Predicting Mortality in the Institutionalized Aged: A 7-Year Follow-up, Archives of General Psychiatry, 21, pp. 172–176, 1969
21.
SimonA., LowenthalM. F. and ClarkM., Summary of Studies in Normal and Abnormal Aging, Unpublished manuscript, Langley-Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute, March 1970
22.
Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds. Mental Impairment in Homes for the Aged: A Pilot Study, Unpublished manuscript.
23.
GoldfarbA. I., The Evaluation of Geriatric Patients Following Treatment, The Evaluation of Psychiatric Treatment, HochP. and ZubinJ. (eds.), Grune & Stratton, New York, 1964
24.
NewP., RuscioA. T., PriestR. P., PetritsiD. and GeorgeL. A., The Support Structure of Heart Disease and Stroke Patients: A Study of the Role of Significant Others in Patient Rehabilitation, Social Science & Medicine, 2, pp. 185–200, 1968
25.
BusseE., Psychoneurotic Reactions and Defense Mechanisms in the Aged, Psychopathology of Aging, HochP. and ZubinJ. (eds.), Grune & Stratton, New York, 1964
26.
RothM. and D. KayW. K., Affective Disorders Arising in the Senium, IPhysicalI. Disability as an Aetiological Factor, Journal of Mental Science, 102, pp. 141–150, 1952
27.
MarksonE. and GrevertP., Circe's Terrible Island of Change: SelfPerceptions of Incapacity, International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 3, pp. 261–271, 1972
28.
LowenthalM. F., Indices of Social and Physical Self-Maintenance, Personal communication, 1975
29.
TrierT., A Study of Change Among Elderly Psychiatric Inpatients during Their First Year of Hospitalization, Journal of Gerontology, 23, pp. 354362,1968.
30.
TownsendP., The Last Refuge, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1962
31.
CopelandJ. R. M., KelleherM. J., KellettJ. M., GourlayA. J. (U.K. team) with GurlandB. J., FleissJ. L., SharpeL. (U.S. team), A Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for the Assessment of Diagnosis and Mental State in the Elderly: The Geriatric Mental State Schedule, DevelopmentI. and Reliability, Psychological Medicine, 6, pp. 451–459, 1976
32.
CopelandJ. R. M., KelleherM. J., KellettJ. M., FountainA. J.-Gourlay, CowanD. W., BarronG. and DeJ.Gruchy (U.K. team) with GurlandB. J., SharpeL., SimonR. J., KurianskyJ. B. and StillerP. (U.S. team), Diagnostic Differences in Psychogeriatric Patients in New York and London,Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 19, pp. 267–271, 1974
33.
KurianskyJ. B., GurlandB. J., FleissJ. L. and CowanD. W., The Assessment of Self-Care Capacity in Geriatric Psychiatric Patients, Journal of Clinical Psychology, 32, pp. 95–102, 1976
34.
BrodyE., KlebanM., LawtonM. P. and MossM., A Longitudinal Look at Excess Disabilities in the Mentally Impaired Aged, Journal of Gerontology, 29, pp. 79–84, 1974
