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Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated the influence of neighborhood environments and health-related behaviors on self-rated health among older adults in Kitaibaraki City, Japan. A questionnaire was mailed to 5,000 individuals aged 65–85 years to collect data on demographics, social connections (Lubben Social Network Scale 6), social participation, and frequency of going out. Neighborhood walkability was assessed using Walk Score®. Path analysis with structural equation modeling was used to analyze 1,779 responses to evaluate direct and indirect effects on self-rated health. We found significant indirect effects of social connections on self-rated health via social participation (β = 0.058, p < .01) and frequency of going out (β = 0.051, p < .01). Direct effects of social participation (β = 0.194, p < .01) and frequency of going out (β = 0.194, p < .01) were also significant. Promoting social participation, encouraging outings, and strengthening social connections through community resources are crucial for increasing self-rated health.

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The Relationship Between Neighborhood Environment,Health-Related Behaviors,and Self-Rated Health in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan

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