Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (London: Penguin/Pelican, 1968), chap. 15, 216-17. In The Elements of Law, the first version of the theory, he was similarly ambiguous about their status: "these dictates, as they proceed from nature, are not commands; they are not therefore called laws, in respect of nature, but in respect of the author of nature, God Almighty" (The Elements of Law Natural and Politic, ed. J. C. A. Gaskin [Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994], chap. 17, §12, 97).
2.
Thomas Hobbes, De Cive: The English Version entitled in the first edition Philosophicall Rudiments Concerning Government and Society, ed. Howard Warrender (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983), chap. 3, §33, 76.
3.
Edwin Curley, ed., Leviathan, with selected variants from the Latin Edition of 1668, by Thomas Hobbes (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1994), 100-01n17. Curley notes that chapter 26 of the English Leviathan also uses a purely secular definition of natural law.
4.
Deborah Baumgold, "Hobbes," in Political Thinkers: From Socrates to the Present, ed. David Boucher and Paul Kelly (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), esp. p. 173.
5.
Quentin Skinner, Hobbes and Republican Liberty (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2008), 138-39.
