To assess the hypothesis that individual space may reflect differential levels of attachment and, if so, grooming and huddling may both be good measures of attachment, each of 10 adult female Macaca arctoides experienced a 23-hour separation from a stable group of 33 monkeys. On return, grooming and receipt of grooming increased over pre-separation levels whereas huddling, except for ventro-ventral huddling, decreased. Surprisingly, while there was no significant increase in grooming or huddling with the preferred pre-separation partners, overall partner preferences for grooming and ventro-ventral huddling remained stable. This suggests that grooming and at least one type of huddling are potentially useful measures of attachment.
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