I employed organisational support theory to link emotional exhaustion to affective commitment, organisational citizenship behaviours, and turnover intentions (outcomes) in a sample of 218 agricultural employees in Nigeria. I proposed that perceived organisational support (POS) would have a moderating effect on the relations between emotional exhaustion and the outcomes. Moderated multiple regression analyses showed that emotional exhaustion was positively related to turnover intentions, inversely related to affective commitment, and unrelated to citizenship behaviours. POS was positively related to affective commitment and organisation-targeted citizenship behaviours, inversely related to turnover intentions, and only moderated the relationship between emotional exhaustion and individual-targeted citizenship behaviours. Implications of the results are discussed.
AikenL. S.WestS. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
2.
AllenD. G.ShoreL. M.GriffethR. W. (2003). The role of perceived organizational support and supportive human resource practices in the turnover process. Journal of Management, 29, 99–118.
3.
AselageJ.EisenbergerR. (2003). Perceived organizational support and psychological contracts: A theoretical integration. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 491–509.
4.
BettercourtL. A.GwinnerK. P.MeuterM. L. (2001). A comparison of attitude, personality, and knowledge predictors of service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 29–41.
5.
BishopJ. W.ScottK. D.BurroughsS. M. (2000). Support, commitment, and employee outcomes in a team environment. Journal of Management, 26, 1113–1132.
6.
BrandesP.DharwadkarR.WheatleyK. (2004). Social exchanges within organizations and work outcomes: The importance of local and global relationships. Group & Organizational Management, 29, 276–301.
7.
Bruk-LeeV.SpectorP. E. (2006). The social stressors-counterproductive work behaviors link: Are conflicts with supervisors and coworkers the same?. Journal of Occupational Health, 11, 145–156.
8.
BurkeL. A.WittL. A. (2004). Personality and high-maintenance employee behavior. Journal of Business and Psychology, 18, 349–363.
9.
CropanzanoR.RuppD. E.ByrneZ. S. (2003). The relationship of emotional exhaustion to work attitudes, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 160–169.
10.
De JongeJ.SchaufeliW. B. (1997). Job characteristics and employee well-being: A test of Warr's Vitamin Model in health care workers using structural equation modelling. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 1–27.
11.
DienerE. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55, 34–43.
12.
EhigieB. O.OtukoyaO. W. (2005). Antecedents of organizational citizenship behaviour in a government-owned enterprise in Nigeria. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14, 389–399.
EisenbergerR.CummingsJ.ArmeliS.LynchP. (1997). Perceived organizational support, discretionary treatment, and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 812–820.
15.
GoldenT. D. (2006). Avoiding depletion in virtual work: Telework and the intervening impact of work exhaustion on commitment and turnover intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69, 176–187.
16.
GriffethR. W.HomP. W.GaertnerS. (2000). A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: Update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium. Journal of Management, 26, 463–488.
17.
HelenL.ValerieF. (2006). Does a supportive work environment moderate the relationship between work-family conflict and burnout among construction professionals?. Construction Management and Economics, 24, 185–196.
18.
JanssensM.SelsL.Van den BrandeI. (2003). Multiple types of psychological contracts: A six-cluster solution. Human Relations, 56, 1349–1378.
19.
JawaharI. M.StoneT. H.KisamoreJ. L. (2007). Role conflict and burnout: The direct and moderating effects of political skill and perceived organizational support on burnout dimensions. International Journal of Stress Management, 14, 142–159.
20.
KickulJ.Liao-TrothM. A. (2003). The meaning behind the message: Climate perceptions and the psychological contract. Mid-American Journal of Business, 18, 23–32.
21.
LadeboO. J. (2004). Employees' personal motives for engaging in citizenship behaviors: The case of workers in Nigeria's agriculture industry. Current Research in Social Psychology, 9, 220–233.
22.
LadeboO. J. (2005a). Relationship between citizenship behaviors and tendencies to withdraw among Nigerian agribusiness employees. Swiss Journal of Psychology, 64, 41–50.
23.
LadeboO. J. (2005b). Perceptions of trust and employees' attitudes: A look at Nigeria's agricultural extension workers. Journal of Business and Psychology, 20, 1–19.
24.
LadeboO. J.OloruntobaA. (2005). The effects of stressors, positive affectivity and coping strategies on well-being among academic staff in a Nigerian agricultural university. Acta Academica, 37, 212–233.
25.
LadeboO. J. (2006). Perceptions of organizational politics: Examination of a situational antecedent and consequences among Nigeria's extension personnel. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 55, 255–281.
26.
LeeR. T.AshforthB. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123–133.
27.
LePineJ. A.ErezA.JohnsonD. E. (2002). The nature and dimensionality of organizational citizenship behavior: A critical review and meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 52–65.
28.
LoiR.Hang-YueN.FoleyS. (2006). Linking employees' justice perceptions to organizational commitment and intention to leave: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 101–120.
29.
MaslachC.SchaufeliW. B.LeiterM. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397–422.
MeyerJ. P.Allen, (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research and application.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
32.
MuneneJ.C. (1995). ‘Not-on-seat’: An investigation of some correlates of organizational citizenship behavior in Nigeria. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 44, 111–122.
33.
OrganD. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome.Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
34.
PoonJ. M. L. (2003). Situational antecedents and outcomes of organizational politics perceptions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18, 138–155.
35.
RhoadesL.EisenbergerR. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 698–714.
36.
RichardsenA. M.BurkeR. J.MikkelsenA. (2004). Job pressures, organizational support, and health among Norwegian women managers. International Journal of Stress Management, 6, 167–177.
SchaufeliW. B.van DierendonckD.van GorpK. (1996). Burnout and reciprocity: Towards a dual-level social exchange model. Work & Stress, 10, 225–237.
39.
SchmittN. (1996). Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha. Psychological Assessment, 8, 350–353.
40.
ShawJ. D.DuffyM. K.AbdullaM. H. A.SinghR. (2000). The moderating role of positive affectivity: Empirical evidence from bank employees in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Management, 26, 139–154.
41.
StamperC. L.JohlkeM. C. (2003). The impact of perceived organizational support on the relationship between boundary spanner role stress and work outcomes. Journal of Management, 29, 569–588.
42.
van VegchelN.de JongeJ.SoderfeldtM.DormannC.SchaufeliW. (2004). Quantitative versus emotional demands among Swedish human service employees: Moderating effects of job control and social support. International Journal of Stress Management, 11, 21–40.
43.
VigodaE. (2000). Internal politics in public administration systems: An empirical examination of its relationship with job congruence, organizational citizenship behavior, and in-role performance. Public Personnel Management, 29, 185–210.
44.
WatsonD.TellegenA. (1985). Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 219–235.
45.
WestenD.MuderrisogluS.FowlerC.ShedlerJ.KorenD. (1997). Affect regulation and affective experience: Individual differences, group differences, and measurement using a Q-sort procedure. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 429–439.
46.
ZellarsK. L.PerreweP. L.AndersonK. S. (2006). The interactive effects of positive affect and conscientiousness on strain. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11, 281–289.
