In this study we compared the efficacy of integrated cognitive restructuring plus exposure with exposure alone in the treatment of social anxiety disorder (social phobia). Compared to a wait-list control condition, both treatments resulted in significant improvements and maintained their effects on some dependent variables. Although no significant differences were found between the effects of the two active treatments, effect size analysis did suggest certain effect differences.
American Psychiatric Association (2000), Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
2.
AmirN.BeardC.BowerE. (2005). Interpretation bias and social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 433–443.
3.
AshbaughA.R.AntonyM.M.McCabeR.E.SchmidtL.A.SwinsonR.P. (2005). Self-evaluative biases in social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 387–398.
4.
BarlowD.H. (1988). Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic.New York: Guilford Press.
5.
BeckA.T.EmeryG.GreenbergR.L. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective.New York: Basic Books.
6.
BeckA.T.SteerR.A.BrownG.K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory – II.San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
7.
BiranM.AugustoF.WilsonG.T. (1981). In vivo exposure vs cognitive restructuring in the treatment of scriptophobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 19, 525–532.
BrownE.J.Di NardoP.A.LehmanC.L.CampbellL.A. (2001). Reliability of DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders: Implications for the classification of emotional disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 49–58.
10.
ButlerG.CullingtonA.MunbyM.AmiesP.GelderM. (1984). Exposure and anxiety management in the treatment of social phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 642–650.
11.
ChoY.TelchM.J. (2005). Testing the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis of social anxiety and depression: An application of structural equation modeling. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 399–416.
12.
CohenJ. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press.
13.
FoaE.B.KozakM.S. (1986). Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 20–35.
14.
HeimbergR.G. (1991). Cognitive behavioral treatment for social phobias in a group setting: A treatment manual (2nd ed.). New York: University at Albany, State University of New York.
15.
HeimbergR.G. (1994). Cognitive assessment strategies and the measurement of outcome of treatment for social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 269–280.
16.
HeimbergR.G.JusterH.R. (1993). Thought listing scoring manual: Social phobia program. Unpublished manuscript, Center for Stress and Anxiety Disorders. New York: State University of New York (Albany).
17.
HopeD.A.HeimbergR.G.BruchM.A. (1995). Dismantling cognitive-behavioral group therapy for social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 637–650.
18.
HopeD.A.HoltC.S.HeimbergR.G. (1993). Social Phobia. In GilesT.R. (Ed.), Handbook of effective psychotherapy (pp. 227–251). New York: Plenum Press.
19.
JerremalmA.JanssonL.ÖstL-G. (1986). Cognitive and physiological reactivity and the effects of different behavioral methods in the treatment of social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 24, 171–180.
20.
KanterN.J.GoldfriedM.R. (1979). Relative effectiveness of rational restructuring and self-control desensitization in the reduction of interpersonal anxiety. Behavior Therapy, 10, 472–490.
21.
MarksI.M. (1987). Fears, phobias, and rituals.New York: Oxford University Press.
22.
MattickR.P.ClarkeJ.C. (1988). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Unpublished manuscript.
23.
MattickR.P.PetersL.ClarkeJ.C. (1989). Exposure and cognitive restructuring for social phobia: A controlled study. Behavior Therapy, 20, 3–23.
24.
RachmanS.J. (1980). Emotional processing. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 18, 51–60.
25.
RodebaughT.L.HolawayR.M.HeimbergR.G. (2004). The treatment of social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 883–908.
26.
RosenthalR. (1983). Assessing the statistical and social importance of the effects of psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 4–13.
27.
RosenthalR. (1991). Meta-analytic procedures for social research (rev. ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
28.
SalaberríaK.EcheburúaE. (1998). Long-term outcome of cognitive therapy's contribution to self-exposure in vivo to the treatment of generalised social phobia. Behavior Modification, 22, 262–284.
29.
SprinkleS.D.LurieD.InskoS.L.AtkinsonG.JonesG.L.LoganA.R.BissadaN.N. (2002). Criterion validity, severity cut scores, and test retest reliability of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a university counselling centre sample. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 49, 381–385.
30.
StopaL.ClarkD.M. (2000). Social phobia and the interpretation of social events. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 273–283.
31.
TurnerS.M.BeidelD.C.DancuC.V.StanleyM.A. (1989). An empirically derived inventory to measure social fears and anxiety: The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1, 35–40.
32.
VassilopoulosS. (2005). Social anxiety and the effects of engaging in mental imagery. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 569–591.
33.
WatsonD.FriendR. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448–457.
34.
WolpeJ. (1990). The practice of behavior therapy (4th ed.). New York: Pergamon Press.
