Essay Review: Sir Joseph Banks: An Historiographical Perspective: The Sheep and Wool Correspondence of Sir Joseph Banks 1781–1820,Sir Joseph Banks: 18th Century Explorer,Botanist and Entrepreneur

Cameron H. C. , Sir Joseph Banks K.B., P.R.S.: The autocrat of the philosophers (London, 1952). The literature on Banks cannot be summarized here, but apart from the sources referred to below Dawson Warren R. (ed.), The Banks Letters: A calendar of the manuscript correspondence of Sir Joseph Banks preserved in the British Museum, the British Museum (Natural History) and other collections in Great Britain (London, 1958) must be noted as a major source. Mr H. B. Carter is currently working on a bio-bibliographical study of Banks.

Lyte C. , Sir Joseph Banks: 18th century explorer, botanist and entrepreneur (Newton Abbot, 1980); Beaglehole J. C. (ed.), The Endeavour journal of Joseph Banks 1768–1771 (2 vols, Sydney, 1962); Lysaght Averil M. , Joseph Banks in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1776: His diary, manuscripts and collections (London, 1971); Stearn William T. , “Sir Joseph Banks and Australian botany”, Records of the Australian Academy of Science, ii (1974), 7–24.

Partial exceptions here are Mackay David L. , “A presiding genius of exploration: Banks, Cook and empire, 1767–1805”, in Fisher R. & Johnston H. (eds.), Captain James Cook and his times (London, 1979), 21–39 and idem, “Exploration and the economic exploitation of empire, with particular reference to the work of Sir Joseph Banks” (University of London Ph.D. dissertation, 1970). Related themes, though for a later period, are explored in Brockway Lucille H. , Science and colonial expansion: The role of the British botanic gardens (New York, 1979).

Carter H. B. (ed.), The sheep and wool correspondence of Sir Joseph Banks 1781–1820 (London, 1979), xvii.

Carter H. B. , His Majesty's Spanish flock: Sir Joseph Banks and the Merinos of George III(London, 1964).

Hudson Kenneth , Patriotism with profit: British agricultural societies in the 18th and 19th centuries (London, 1972); Mitchison R. , “The old Board of Agriculture (1793–1822)”, English historical review, lxxiv (1959), 41–69.

Berman M. , Social change and scientific organization: The Royal Institution 1799–1844 (Ithaca, 1978).

Carter , op. cit. (ref. 4), 500–3 and 586–7.

Berman , op. cit. (ref. 7), 41–42; Carter , op. cit. (ref. 5), 411. This topic is addressed in the Scottish context by Shapin Steven , “Property, patronage and the politics of science: The founding of the Royal Society of Edinburgh”, The British journal for the history of science, vii (1974), 1–41.

Lyte , op. cit. (ref. 2), 200–14; Cameron , op. cit. (ref. 1), 112–78; de Beer Gavin , The sciences were never at war (London, 1960).

Lyte , op. cit. (ref. 2), 204–5. The best account remains Weld C. R. , A history of the Royal Society (2 vols, London, 1848) in which the contemporary pamphlets can be sampled.

Carter , op. cit. (ref. 4), xvii; Mougel F.-C. , “Une société de culture en Grande-Bretagne au XVIII^e siècle: La Société des Dilettanti (1734–1800)”, Revue historique, cclix (1978), 389–414. On the matter of ‘men of science versus Macaronis’ see Dawson , op. cit. (ref. 1), 61.

Gregory Olinthus , “A review of some leading points in the official character and proceedings of the late president of the Royal Society”, London and Edinburgh philosophical magazine, lvi(1820), 161–74 and 241–57.

This argument is made at length in Miller David Philip , “The Royal Society of London, 1800–1835: A study in the cultural politics of scientific organization” (University of Pennsylvania Ph.D. dissertation, 1981).

Gage A. T. , A history of the Linnean Society of London (London, 1938), 14; Fletcher H. R. , The story of the Royal Horticultural Society, 1804–1968 (London, 1969). 30–36; Rudwick M. J. S. , “The foundation of the Geological Society of London: Its scheme for co-operative research and its struggle for independence”, The British journal for the history of science, i (1962–63), 326–55; Dreyer J. L. E. & Turner H. (eds.), History of the Royal Astronomical Society 1820–1920 (London, 1923).

Weindling P. J. , “Geological controversy and its historiography: The prehistory of the Geological Society of London”, in Jordanova L. J. & Porter R. (eds), Images of the earth: Essays in the history of the environmental sciences (Chalfont St Giles, 1979), 248–71.

Porter R. , “Gentlemen and geology: The emergence of a scientific career, 1660–1920”, The historical journal, xxi (1978), 809–36, tackles some of these issues, as does Ian Inkster, “Science and society in the metropolis: A preliminary examination of the social and institutional context of the Askesian Society of London, 1796–1807”, Annals of science, xxxiv(1977), 1–32.