William Harvey Revisited

The works of William Harvey, trans. by Willis Robert (London, 1847), 45.

“Sane cum copia quanta fuerat”, De motu (Francof., 1628), 41; “sane cum copia quanta fuerit, saepius me cum et serio considerassem”, De motu (Roterod., 1648), 101, and De motu (London, 1660), 57.

The anatomical exercises of William Harvey (London, 1673), 49–50.

De motu (Francof., 1628), cap. VIII, p. 41.

London, 1688, 157.

Dale Henry Sir , The Harveian Oration on some epochs in medical research (London, 1935). 6.

Cohen Henry Sir (Lord Cohen of Birkenhead). “Harvey and the scientific method”, British medical journal for 1950, ii, 1405–1410, p. 1406.

Lord Cohen of Birkenhead, “The germ of an idea, or What put Harvey on the scent?”, Journal of the history of medicine, xii (1957), 102–105.

Anatomical exercitations concerning the generation of living creatures (London, 1653), cap. VI, p. 33.

Willis , loc. cit., 194.

Curtis J. G. , Harvey's views on the use of the circulation of the blood (New York, 1915), 152.

1628 edn, cap. IV, p. 28.

Loc. cit., n. 7 above.

Aristotle, De partibus animalium, lib. III, cap. 5; 668a.

The text and translation from Gassendi's “De plantis” and “De generatione animalium” (Syntagma philosophiae Epicuri, 1649) can be conveniently found in Adelmann H. B. , Marcello Malpighi and the evolution of embryology (Cornell and Oxford, 1966), ii, 805–812.

Sennert D. , Hypomnemata physica (Lugduni, 1656), lib. IV, cap. 6, p. 131, and cap. 10, p. 142. We shall refer to Sennert in Part II of this article.

Highmore N. , History of generation (London, 1651), 108 ff; cf. Adelmann , loc. cit., 778–779.

For further detail, see the present writer's “Harvey and Glisson on irritability, with a note on Van Helmont”, Bulletin of the history of medicine, xli (1967), 497–514.

Pagel W. , William Harvey's biological ideas (Basel and New York, 1967), 343 for the ref.

Ibid., 89–124.

Quaestiones peripateticae, ii, 5 (ed. sec. Venet., 1593, fol. 33).

Aubrey John , Letters written by eminent persons … and lives of eminent men (London, 1813), ii, 385.

Ed. princeps (London, 1651), ch. 10, p. 30; ed. Amstelod. (1662), 37 seq.; trans. Willis 208.

Harvey , De generatione, Exerc. XIX (ed. Amstelod., 1662, 80; trans. Willis, 253); ibid., Exerc. XXVII, 107 and 283 resp; Fracastorius , De contagione (Venet., 1546), lib. I, cap. 9, f. 34; Aristotle , De generatione animalium, lib. III, 11, 762a; animals and plants come into being in earth and in liquid, because there is water in earth, and air in water, and in all air is vital heat, so that in a sense all things are full of soul. Cf. Pagel W. , “Harvey and Glisson on irritability, with a note on Van Helmont”, Bulletin for the history of medicine, xli (1967), 497–5M. pp. 512 seqq, and Pagel W. Winder M. , “Harvey and the ‘modern’ concept of disease”, ibid., xlii (1968), 496–509.

See the present writer in The religious and philosophical aspects of Van Helmont's science and medicine (Baltimore, 1944), 19 seqq.

Driesch H. , Der Vitalismus als Geschichte und Lehre (Leipzig, 1905). 23.

Pagel , Harvey's biological ideas, 98.

Paris , 1604: Cap. XI, p. 128.

Chesne Du , Ad Jocobi Auberti de ortu et causis metallorum contra chymicos explicationem brevis responsio (1575), in Opera medica (Leipzig, 1614), 31.

See Pagel W. , “William Harvey and the purpose of circulation”, Isis, xlii (1951), 22–38, espec. pp. 35–37 (on Severinus Petrus , Idea medicinae philosophicae (Basil, 1571), 90; Croll Oswald , Basilica chymica, aucta a Joh, ed. Michaelis Joh (Genevae, 1643), 57 seqq.; and Majer Michael , De circulo physico quadrato (Oppenheim, 1616)). On the Aristotelian roots of alchemy, see Pagel W. , Paracelsus. Introduction to the philosophical medicine of the Renaissance (Basle & New York, 1958), 99 and 262–263. An Aristotelian root also emerges in the idea of the ‘marriage’ of the—female—lower elements with the—male—celestial semina, a process that is seen as a cycle of ascent and descent—a perpetua circulatio. See Dornaeus G. , Physica genesis, dies tertius, in Zetzner L. , Theatrum chemicum, i (Argentor, 1613), 376, and Physica Trismegisti, ibid., 408; Du Chesne J. Quercetanus , Ad veritatem Hermeticae medicinae (Paris, 1604), cap. 14, 177; Pagel W. Winder M. , “The Eightness of Adam and related Gnostic ideas in the Paracelsian corpus”, Ambix, xvi (1969), 119–139.

For details, see Pagel W. , The religious and philosophical aspects of Van Helmont's science and medicine, pp. vii–ix.

Boyle R. , Usefulness of natural philosophy, in Works (London, 1772), ii, 167.

In Birch T. , Life of Robert Boyle, in Boyle's Works, i, lxxxi–lxxxii.

Personal communication to the writer from Mr Charles Webster of Leeds University.

For details, see Keynes Geoffrey Sir , The life of William Harvey (Oxford, 1966), 113–122.

For details, see Keynes , op. cit., 385, 392 seqq, and Pagel W. , “Keynes on William Harvey”, Medical history, xi (1967), 204.

See Debus A. G. , “Robert Fludd and the circulation of the blood”, Journal of the history of medicine, xvi (1961), 374–393.

See Poynter F. N. L. , “John Donne and William Harvey”, Journal of the history of medicine, xv (1960), 233–246.

Keynes , op. cit., 121–122, with ref. to Donne's Sermons, ed. Potter Simpson , (Berkeley, 1951), iii, 235–236.

To appear in Journal of the history of biology.

Urdang G. , “How chemicals entered the official pharmacopoeias”, Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences, vii (1954), 303–314.

Keynes , op. cit., 136 seqq and passim.

Keynes , op. cit., 66–72.