Tetanus is a preventable infectious disease caused by tetanus toxin (tetanospasmin) produced by Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is still an important health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Botulinum toxin administration is a treatment approach that has been used in recent years to reduce rigidity and spasms in tetanus patients. This case report focuses on its efficacy.
AksoyMCelikECAhiskaliogluAKarakayaMA. Tetanus is still a deadly disease: a report of six tetanus cases and reminder of our knowledge. Trop Doct2014; 44: 38–42.
2.
HasselB. Tetanus: pathophysiology, treatment, and the possibility of using botulinum toxin against tetanus-induced rigidity and spasms. Toxins (Basel)2013; 5: 73–83.
3.
MuteyaMMKabeyAKLubangaTMTshambaHMNkoyAM. Prognosis of tetanus patients in the intensive care unit of Provincial Hospital Jason Sendwe, Lubumbashi, DR Congo. Pan Afr Med J2013; 14: 93–93.
4.
ReddyPBleckTPClostridium Tetani (Tetanus). In: MandellGLBennettJEDolinR (eds). Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2010, pp. 3091–3096.
5.
AblettJJAnalysis and main experiences in 82 patients treated in the Leeds Tetanus Unit. In: EllisM (ed). Symposium on Tetanus in Great Britain, Boston Spa: National Lending Library, 1967, pp. 1–10.
6.
GibsonKBonaventure UwinezaJKiviriWParlowJ. Tetanus in developing countries: a case series and review. Can J Anaesth2009; 56: 307–315.
7.
BlumFCChenCKrokenARBarbieriJT. Tetanus toxin and botulinum toxin a utilize unique mechanisms to enter neurons of the central nervous system. Infect Immun2012; 80: 1662–1669.
AntonucciFRossiCGianfranceschiLRossettoOCaleoM. Long-distance retrograde effects of botulinum neurotoxin A. J Neurosci2008; 28: 3689–3696.
10.
MatakIBach-RojeckyLFilipovićBLackovićZ. Behavioral and immunohistochemical evidence for central antinociceptive activity of botulinum toxin A. Neuroscience2011; 186: 201–207.
11.
HerrmanHBraekhusAAaserudOAukrustPStubhaugAHasselB. Early treatment of tetanus-induced trismus with botulinum toxin A. Anesth Analg2008; 106: 1591–1591.
12.
RestivoDAMarchese-RagonaRLauriaGSquatritoSGulloDVigneriR. Botulinum toxin treatment for oropharyngeal dysphagia associated with diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care2006; 29: 2650–2653.
13.
AndradeLABruckiSM. Botulinum toxin A for trismus in cephalic tetanus. Arq Neuropsiquiatr1994; 52: 410–413.
14.
GaberTAMannemelaS. Botulinum toxin for muscle spasm after tetanus. J R Soc Med2005; 98: 63–63.
15.
García-GarcíaAGándara-ReyJMCrespo-AbelleiraAJorge-BarreiroJ. Botulinum toxin A for treating muscular contractures in cephalic tetanus. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg2007; 45: 573–575.
