Beyond Rates: The Tragedy of Suicide in Pakistan

World Health Organization. Preventing Suicide: a Resource for Primary Health Care Workers. WHO/MNH/MBD/00.4. Geneva: WHO, 2000.

Social Policy and Development Center. Social Development in Pakistan: Annual Review 2000. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001.

Khan MM Reza H . The pattern of suicide in Pakistan. Crises 2000;20:31–5.

Masaryk T . Suicide and the Meaning of Civilisation. University of Chicago Press, 1970.

Morselli EA . Suicide: An Essay on Comparative Moral Statistics. Appleton-Century, 1879.

Durkheim E . Suicide. Free Press, 1951.

Simpson ME Conklin GH . Socio-economic development, suicide and religion: A test of Durkheim's theory of religion and suicide. Soc Forces 1989;67:945–64.

Headley LA , ed. Suicide in Asia and the Near East. Berkley: University of California Press, 1983.

Chaleby KS . Issues in forensic psychiatry in Islamic jurisprudence. Bull Am Acad Psych Law 1996;24:117–24.

Ashraf M . The problem of suicide in Karachi. Pak Armed Forces Med J 1964;14:156.

Ahmed SH Zuberi H . Changing pattern of suicide and parasuicide in Karachi. J Pak Med Assoc 1981;31:76–8.

Human Rights Commission of Pakistan. The Dawn 6 Nov 2000.

Lawyers for Human Rights and Legal Aid. The Dawn 6 March 2001.

Sindh Police Report. The Dawn 13 September 2001.

Bhutta ZA . Why has so little changed in maternal and child health in South Asia? BMJ 2000;321:809–12.

Husain N Creed F Tomenson B . Depression and social stress in Pakistan. Psychol Med 2000;30:395–402.

Mumford DB Nazir M Jilani F Baig IY . Stress and psychiatric disorder in the Hindu Kush: a community survey of mountain villages in Chitral, Pakistan. Br J Psych 1996;168:299–307.

Mumford DB Saeed K Ahmad I Latif S Mubbashar M . Stress and psychiatric disorder in rural Punjab. A community survey. Br J Psych 1997;170:473–8.

Khan MM Reza H . Gender differences in non-fatal suicidal behaviour in Pakistan. Role of socio-cultural factors. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1998;28:62–8.

Naeem S . Vulnerability factors for depression in Pakistani women. J Pak Med Assoc 1992;42:137–8.

Fikree F Bhatti LI . Domestic violence and health of Pakistani women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1999;65:195–201.

The World Health Report 2001. Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001.

Saeed K Gater R Hussain A Mubbashar M . The prevalence, classification and treatment of mental disorders among attenders of native healers in rural Pakistan. Soc Psych Psych Epidemiol 2000;35:480–5.