Models for the analysis of association (ANOAS) are applied to cross-classifications of highest degree obtained by father's occupation among a sample of French men and women born between 1920 and 1949. These models allow us to establish the relative orderings of backgrounds with respect to degree outcomes, and degree outcomes with respect to background. Tests for homogeneity in multiway tables are used to assess trends in the association of these variables over time, as well as similarities between the sexes. Results are instructive with respect to both substance—educational stratification in France—and method—practical issues in the use of ANOAS models in sociological research.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BAKER, R. J.
and J. A. NELDER (1978) The GLIM System: Release 3. Oxford, England: Numerical Algorithms Group.
2.
BERK, R. A.
(1983) “An introduction in sample selection bias in sociological data.”Amer. Soc. Rev.48: 386-398.
3.
BERK, R. A.
and S. C. RAY (1982) “Selection biases in sociological data.”Social Sci. Research11: 301-340.
4.
BREEN, R.
(1984) “Fitting nonhierarchical and association log-linear models using GLIM.”Methods & Research13: 77-107.
5.
CARLSSON, G.
(1958) Social Mobility and Class Structure. Lund, Sweden: Gleerup.
6.
CHERKAOUI, M.
(1979) Les paradoxes de la réussité scolaire: Sociologie comparée des systèmes d'enseignement. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
7.
CLOGG, C. C.
(1982a) “Using association models in sociological research: some examples.”Amer. J. of Sociology88: 114-134.
8.
CLOGG, C. C.
(1982b) “Some models for the analysis of association in multiway cross-classification having ordered categories.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.77: 803-815.
9.
CLOGG, C. C.
(1984) “Some statistical models for analyzing why surveys disagree,” in C. F. Turner and E. Martin (eds.) Surveying Subjective Phenomena (Vol. 2). New York: Basic Books.
10.
FIENBERG, S. E.
(1980) The Analysis of Cross-Classified Categorical Data. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
11.
GARNIER, M. A.
and L. E. RAFFALOVICH (1984) “The evolution of equality of educational opportunities in France.”Sociology of Education57: 1-11.
12.
GOODMAN, L. A.
(1979) “Simple models for the analysis of association in cross-classifications having ordered categories.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.74: 537-552.
13.
GOODMAN, L. A.
(1981a) “Association models, the bivariate normal, and Yule-Plackett association in the analysis of cross-classifications having ordered categories.”Biometrika68: 347-355.
14.
GOODMAN, L. A.
(1981b) “Association models and canonical correlation in the analysis of cross-classifications having ordered categories.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.76: 320-334.
15.
GOODMAN, L. A.
(1985) “The analysis of cross-classified data having ordered and/or unordered categories: association models, correlation models, and asymmetry models for contingency tables with or without missing entries.”Annals of Statistics13: 10-69.
16.
GRUSKY, D. B.
and R. M. HAUSER (1984) “Comparative social mobility revisited: models of convergence and divergence in 16 countries.”Amer. Soc. Rev.49: 19-38.
17.
HABERMAN, S. J.
(1974) The Analysis of Frequency Data. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
18.
HABERMAN, S. J.
(1982) “Analysis of dispersion of multinomial responses.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.77: 568-580.
19.
HAUSER, R. M.
(1979) “Some exploratory methods for modeling mobility tables and other cross-classified data,” pp. 413-458 in K. F. Schuessler (ed.) Sociological Methodology 1980. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
20.
JALLADE, L. A.
(1972) “Niveau d'instruction et salaires.”Revue française de Pedagogie21: 40-66.
21.
KLATZKY, S. R.
and R. H. HODGE (1971) “A canonical correlation analysis of occupational mobility.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.66: 16-22.
22.
MARE, R. D.
(1980) “Social background and school continuation decision.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.75: 295-305.
23.
MARE, R. D.
(1981) “Change and stability in educational stratification.”Amer. Soc. Rev.46: 72-87.
24.
MEYER, J. W.
, F. O. RAMIREZ, R. RUBINSON, and J. BOLI-BENNETT (1977) “The world educational revolution, 1950-1970.”Sociology of Education50: 242-258.
25.
MOSTELLER, F.
(1968) “Association and estimation in contingency tables.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.63: 1-28.
26.
PATIL, G. P.
and C. TAILLIE (1982) “Diversity as a concept and its measurement.”J. of the Amer. Stat. Assn.77: 548-561.
27.
SHOCKEY, J. W.
and C. C. CLOGG (1983) ANOASC: A Computer Program for the Analysis of Association in a Set of K I-by-J Contingency Tables. University Park: Pennsylvania State University, Population Issues Research Center.
28.
SMITH, H. L.
and P.P.L. CHEUNG (forthcoming) “Trends in the effects of family background on educational attainment in the Philippines.”Amer. J. of Sociology.
29.
SMITH, H. L.
and M. A. GARNIER (1986) “Social background and educational careers in France.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington.
30.
TREIMAN, D. J.
(1970) “Industrialization and social stratification,” pp. 207-234 in E. O. Laumann (ed.) Social Stratification: Research and Theory for the 1970s. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
