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Abstract

The increase in longevity due to control of communicable diseases and improved nutrition and health care facilities has led to surge in both elderly population (>60 years) and cardiovascular ailments worldwide including India. Cardiovascular and associated medical illnesses are major ailments responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality among elderly subjects. The present article briefly highlights common cardiovascular disorders including principal risk factors, associated medical ailments and their preventive and treatment strategies. Common cardiovascular disorders in this population include hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD) including myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, ischaemic cardiomyopathy and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). HTN and smoking are the principal risk factors both for CAD as well as CVD. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major predictor for sudden cardiac death in elderly people. Important associated medical conditions in conjunction with cardiovascular disorders include diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), cataract, pneumonias and bronchial asthma. Adverse factors which influence mortality include-age > 68 years, extensive infarction cardiogenic shock, LVH, arrhythmias, intracerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction and respiratory failure.

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Cardiovascular ailments and associated common medical conditions in elderly patients

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