Internationalisation is becoming the main catalyst for the development of higher education in China. Through document analysis, this study explores the concept of internationalisation by examining the role of the Chinese government and student mobility. The study argues that internationalisation of higher education in China is directed by the government with financial and diplomatic leverages. The government exerts significant influence on higher education institutions (HEIs) through legislation, funding, planning and evaluation. Furthermore, the study notes that internationalisation of higher education is providing China with economic and cultural capital. However, there still is a lot of work to be done to advance the internationalisation process of Chinese HEIs. The HEIs need to further strengthen and expand their international programmes. They should also provide adequate social and academic services to international students, and promote Chinese–international student interaction.
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