Educational development is not uniform across localities and regions. Some of the regions have shown remarkable progress in education while others lagged behind. Obviously, micro-level factors account for such differential development. This study attempts to identify the factors or agents behind this development and examine the nature and intensity of their efforts in two selected villages of Kerala. Socio-religious reform movements and the attitudinal changes triggered off by them, local community efforts, government intervention, political pressures and improvement in the economic plight of the people were the major factors that brought about educational transition in one village. These factors were conspicuous by their absence in the other village.
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