Tourism planners often promise widespread community renewal as a product of tourism development, but benefits do not always occur as expected. This article analyzes undesirable "lag effects " associated with early stages of tourist destination development. Examples from two Colorado gaming towns illustrate the problems; hypotheses formalizing relationships between temporal problems and community tourism development are derived.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Brown, R.B., H.R. Geertsen, and R.S. Krannich (1989). "Community Satisfaction and Social Integration in a Boomtown: A Longitudinal Analysis." Rural Sociology, 54 (4): 568-86.
2.
Canedy, L., and J. Zeiger (1991). "The Social, Economic, and Environmental Costs of Tourism to a Gaming Community as Perceived by Its Residents." Journal of Travel Research, 30 (2): 45-49.
3.
Choy, D.J.L. (1991). "Tourism Planning: The Case for 'Market Failure' ." Tourism Management, 12 (4): 313-30.
4.
Cummings, R.G., W.D. Schulze, and A.F. Mehr (1978). "Optimal Municipal Investment m Boomtowns: An Empirical Analysis." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 5: 252-67.
5.
Eadington, W.R. (1984). "The Casino Gaming Industry: A Study of Political Economy." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 474 (July): 23-35.
6.
Freudenburg, W.R., and R. Gramling (1992). "Community Impacts of Technological Change: Toward a Longitudinal Perspective." Social Forces, 70 (4): 937-56.
7.
Getz, D. (1986). "Models in Tourism Planning: Towards Integration of Theory and Practice." Tourism Management, 7 (1): 21-32.
8.
Gramling, R., and W.R. Freudenburg (1990). "A Closer Look at "Local Control": Communities, Commodities, and the Collapse of the Coast." Rural Sociology, 55 (4): 541-58.
9.
Gunn, C.A. (1988). Tourism Planning. New York : Taylor and Francis.
10.
Haywood, K.M. (1988). "Responsible and Responsive Tourism Planning in the Community." Tourism Management, 9 (2): 105-18.
11.
Keogh, B. (1990). "Public Participation in Community Tourism Planning ." Annals of Tourism Research, 17 (3): 449-65.
12.
Leistritz, F.L., and S.H. Murdock (1981). The Socioeconomic Impact of Resource Development: Methods for Assessment. Boulder, CO: West-view Press.
13.
Lillydahl, J.H., and E.W. Moen (1983). "Planning, Managing, and Financing Growth and Decline in Energy Resource Communities: A Case of Western Colorado." The Journal of Energy and the Environment, 8 (2): 211-29.
14.
Mathieson, A., and G. Wall (1982). Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
15.
Murdock, S.H., and F.L. Leistritz (1979). Energy Development in the Western United States: Impact on Rural Areas. New York: Praeger.
16.
Murphy, P.E. (1983). "Tourism as Community Industry: An Ecological Model of Tourism Development." Tourism Management, 4 (3): 180-93.
Pearce, D. (1989). Tourist Development. Essex , U.K.: Longman Scientific and Technical.
19.
Pizam A., and J. Pokela (1985). "The Perceived Impacts of Casino Gambling on a Community." Annals of Tourism Research, 12 (2): 147-65.
20.
Rubenstein, J. (1984). "Casino Gambling in Atlantic City: Issues of Development and Redevelopment." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 474 (July): 61-71.
21.
Smith, V., ed. (1989). Hosts and Guests: The Anthropology of Tourism. Philadelphia: The University of Pennsylvania Press.
22.
Stokowski, P. (1992). "The Colorado Gambling Boom: An Experiment in Rural Community Development." Small Town, 22 (6): 12-19.
23.
Stubbles, R. (1990). "The Deadwood Tradition: Putting Gambling Before Planning in South Dakota." Small Town, November-December: 20-27.