John Carroll, Break-Out from the Crystal Palace. The Anarcho-Psychological Critique: Stirner, Nietzsche, Dostoevsky (London, 1974), 52.
2.
Georges Sorel, Reflections on Violence, trans by J. Roth and T. E. Hul ( NewYork, 1961), 249; italics in original. (I shall refer to the Roth and Hulme edition, rather than the Stanley translation, for the latter provides only excepts from the Reflections in the work under review. This is a curious editorial decision on Professor Stanley's part, for there is surely no intellectually satisfying way in which to decide which sections of the Reflections constitute the more notable contributions to "Socialism and Philosophy".)
3.
Ibid., 148 (italics in original).
4.
In his Evolutionary Socialism : A Criticism and Affirmation ( 1898).
5.
Ibid., p. x.
6.
Sorel, op. cit. , 130.
7.
See ibid., 50.
8.
Philip Rosenberg, The Seventh Hero: Thomas Carlyle and the Theory of Radical Activism (Cambridge, Mass., 1974), 151. I am indebted to Mr Rosenberg's splendid analysis of this problem and to his provision of the examples of Kropotkin, Proudhon and Engels.
9.
See especially pp. 39-47 of his Introduction.
10.
Sorel's dates are 1847-1922, Pareto's 1848-1923 . The points raised about Pareto can be illustrated by referring to his Sociological Writings, ed. S. E. Fine (London, 1966), especially Part II.
11.
Pareto's term is 'non-logical'.
12.
John Plamenatz, Ideology (London, 1970), 126.
13.
See especially the "Critique of the Gotha Programme", Selected Works, ii ( New York, 1950), 23.
14.
The same might be said of the predictive passages of Engels's Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844.
15.
R.N. Carew Hunt, The Theory and Practice of Communism : An Introduction ( Harmondsworth, 1963), 106.
16.
Cf. H.B. Davis, Nationalism and Socialism (New York, 1967), chs 4 and 5.
17.
Adam B. Ulam, The Unfinished Revolution : An Essay on the Sources of Influence of Marxism and Communism (New York, 1964), 158.
18.
Pareto's view of 'sentiment' and 'solidarity' is outlined in his "Applicazione di teoria sociologiche" (1901).
19.
The terms employed by Leonard Schapiro, Totalitarianism (London, 1972), 73.
La unità e la potenza della nazioni (Florence, 1912);
23.
and Discorsi politici (1902-1923) (Florence, 1923).
24.
This point is elaborated in A. James Gregor, The Ideology of Fascism (New York, 1969), ch. 2.
25.
Marx, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (New York, 1963), 75; also Theorien ueber den Mehrwert , quoted in Ronald L. Mee
26.
(ed.), Marx and Engels on the Population Bomb ( Berkeley, 1971), 176.
27.
See, for example, his Der Arbeiter, Herrschaft und Gestalt ( 1932).
28.
The case of Corradini is an interesting one. In 1900 Sorel pointed to him as a "remarkably intelligent" person who had grasped "very well the value" of Sorel's philosophyQuoted in James Meisel, The Genesis of Georges Sorel (Ann Arbor, 1953 ), 219.
