Trends in the well-being of Swedish youth were examined to determine whether they have shown improvement or deterioration since the passage of the 1979 corporal punishment ban. Rates of youth involvement in crime, alcohol and drug use, rape, and suicide have decreased. Trends in rates of nonsexual assault are equivocal due to shifts in enforcement. Legal sanctioning of corporal punishment appears to be unnecessary to improve youth well-being.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bean, A. W. , & Roberts, M. W. (1981). The effect of time-out release contingencies on changes in child noncompliance. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 9, 95-105.
2.
Belsey, M. (1993). Child abuse: Measuring a global problem. World Health Statistics Quarterly, 46, 69-77.
3.
Bryan, J. W. , & Freed, F. W. (1982). Corporal punishment: Normative data and sociological and psychological correlates in a community college population. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 11, 77-87.
4.
Brottsförebyggande rådet. (1994). Kriminalstatistik, 1993. BRÅ Rapport 1994:4. Stockholm: Author.
5.
Brottsförebyggande rådet. (1996). Kriminalstatistik, 1994. BRÅ Rapport 1996:4. Stockholm: Author.
6.
Brottsförebyggande rådet. (1997). Kriminalstatistik, 1995. BRÅ Rapport 1997:5. Stockholm: Author.
Buntain-Ricklefs, J. J. , Kemper, K. J., Bell, M., & Babonis, T. (1994). Punishments: What predicts adult approval. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18, 945-955.
9.
Centralförbundet för alkohol-och narkotikaupplysning, & Folkhälsoinstitutet. (1993). Trends in alcohol and drug use in Sweden. Stockholm: Authors.
10.
Conover, W. J. (1980). Practical Nonparametric Statistics (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
11.
Day, D. E. , & Roberts, M. W. (1983). An analysis of the physical punishment component of a parent training program. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 11, 141-152.
12.
DuRant, R. H. , Cadenhead, C., Pendergrast, R. A., Slavens, G., & Linder, C. W. (1994). Factors associated with the use of violence among urban Black adolescents. American Journal of Public Health, 84, 612-617.
13.
Durrant, J. E. (1996). The Swedish ban on corporal punishment: Its history and effects. In D. Frehsee, W. Horn, & K.-D. Bussman (Eds.), Violence against children in the family (pp. 19-25). Berlin: de Gruyter.
14.
Durrant, J. E. (1999). Evaluating the success of Sweden's corporal punishment ban. Child Abuse and Neglect, 23, 435-448.
15.
Durrant, J. E. , & Olsen, G. M. (1997). Parenting and public policy: Contextualizing the Swedish corporal punishment ban. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 19, 443-461.
16.
Durrant, J. E., Rose-Krasnor, L., & Broberg, A. G. (1999). Maternal beliefs about physical punishment in Sweden and Canada. Manuscript in preperation.
17.
Estrada, F. (1999 in press). Juvenile crime trends in postwar Europe. European Journal on Criminal Policy Research, 7.
18.
Folkhälsoinstitutet, & Centralförbundet för alkohol-och narkotikaupplysning. (1997). Alkoholoch narkotikautvecklingen i Sverige. Stockholm: Authors.
19.
Folkhälsoinstitutet, & Centralförbundet för alkohol-och narkotikaupplysning. (1998). Unpublished data.
20.
Gershoff, E. T. (2000). Parental corporal punishment and its potential effects on children: What we know and what we need to know. Unpublished manuscript.
21.
Junger-Tas, J. (1996). Youth and violence in Europe. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 5(1), 31-58.
22.
Knutsson, J. & Kühlhorn, E. (1996). Changes in social values and criminal policy. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 5, 203-220.
23.
Larzelere, R. E. (1996). A review of the outcomes of parental use of nonabusive or customary physical punishment. Pediatrics, 98, 824-828.
24.
Larzelere, R. E. , Silver, C., & Polite, K. (1997). Nonabusive spanking: Parental liberty or child abuse?Children's Legal Rights Journal, 17, 7-17.
25.
Lenke, L. , & Olsson, B. (1996). Sweden: Zero tolerance wins the argument? In N. Dron, J. Jepsen, & Savona, E. (Eds.), European drug policies and enforcement (pp. 106-118). Wiltshire: Macmillan.
26.
Lenton, R. L. (1990). Techniques of child discipline and abuse by parents. Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 27, 157-185.
27.
McGillivray, A. (1992). Reconstructing child abuse: Western definitions and non-western experiences. In M. Freman & P. Veerman (Eds.), The ideologies of children's rights (pp. 213-236). Netherlands: Kluwer.
Moore, D. W. , & Straus, M. A. (1987). Violence of parents toward their children: New Hampshire. Durham: Family Research Laboratory, University of New Hampshire.
30.
Newell, P. (1992). Children are people too: The case against physical punishment. London: Bedford Square Press.
31.
Olsson, M. (1995). Ungdomar och våldsbrott. Apropå, 2-3, 22-27.
32.
Olsson, O. (1996). Liberalization of drug policies: An overview of research and studies concerning a restrictive drug policy. Stockholm: Folkhälsoinstitutet, & Centralförbundet för alkohol-och narkotikaupplysning.
33.
Olsson, O. , Byqvist, S., & Gomér, G. (1994). The prevalence of heavy narcotics abuse in Sweden in 1992. Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 3, 81-84.
34.
Qvarnström, G., & Mårtensson, R. (1996). Drogvanor och erfarenheter av våld bland årskurs 9 elever i Stockholms skolor 1996. ANT-informationen, Stockholms Skolor.
35.
Roberts, M. W. (1988). Enforcing chair timeouts with room timeouts. Behavior Modification, 12, 353-370.
36.
Roberts, M. W. , & Powers, S. W. (1990). Adjusting chair timeout enforcement procedures for oppositional children. Behavior Therapy, 21, 257-271.
Statistiska Centralbyrån. (1996). Spanking and other forms of physical punishment: A study of adults' and middle school students' opinions, experience, and knowledge. Demografiska Rapporter, 1.2. Stockholm: Author.
57.
SIFO. (1981). Aga och barnmisshandel. Unpublished report.
Stattin, H. , Janson, H., Klackenburg-Larsson, I., & Magnusson, D. (1995). Corporal punishment in everyday life: An intergenerational perspective. In J. McCord (Ed.), Coercion and punishment in long-term perspectives (pp. 315-347). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
60.
Strassberg, Z. , Dodge, K. A., Pettit, G. S., & Bates, J. E. (1994). Spanking in the home and children's subsequent aggression toward kindergarten peers. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 445-461.
61.
Straus, M. A. (1991). Discipline and deviance: Physical punishment of children and violence and other crime in adulthood. Social Problems, 38, 133-154.
62.
Straus, M. A. (1994). Beating the devil out of them: Corporal punishment in American families. New York: Lexington.
63.
Straus, M. A. , & Kaufman Kantor, G. (1994). Physical punishment of adolescents by parents: A risk factor in the epidemiology of depression, suicide, alcohol abuse, child abuse, and wife beating. Adolescence, 29, 543-561.
64.
Straus, M. A. , Sugarman, D. B., & Giles-Sims, J. (1997). Spanking by parents and subsequent antisocial behavior of children. archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine, 151, 761-767.
65.
Thompson, R. A. (1993). Developmental research and legal policy: Toward a two-way street. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Toth (Eds.), Child abuse, child development and social policy (pp. 75-115). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
66.
Travillion, K. , & Snyder, J. (1993). The role of maternal discipline and involvement in peer rejection and neglect. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 14, 37-57.
67.
Turner, H. A. , & Finkelhor, D. (1996). Corporal punishment as a stressor among youth. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 155-166.
68.
United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund . (1994). The Progress of Nations. New York: UNICEF House.
69.
Untredningen om narkotifamissbrukets omfattning. (1980). Tungt narkotikamissbruk en totalundersökning 1979. Ds S 1080:5. Stockholm: Socialdepartementet.
70.
Verdugo, M. A. , Bermejo, B. G., & Fuertes, J. (1995). Maltreatment of intellectually handicapped children and adolescents. Child Abuse and Neglect, 19, 205-215.
71.
von Hofer, H. (1995). Criminal violence and youth in Sweden in a long-term perspective. Paper presented at the 10th Workshop for Juvenile Criminology, Siena, Italy.
72.
Ward, M. (1998). Barn och Brott av vår tid? Sjävldeklarerad ungdomsbrottslighet 1971 och 1996. Stockholm: Kriminologiska institutionen.
73.
Ziegert, K. A. (1987). Children's rights and the supportive function of law: The case of Sweden. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 18, 157-174.