The characteristics of "effective" schools can now be summarized
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Armstrong, D. , K. Henson, and T. Savage. 1989. Education: An introduction. 3d ed.New York: Macmillan.
2.
Berman, M. L. , and M. L. Baca. 1984. The school climate audit: A strategy to enhance the voluntary accreditation process. NASSP Bulletin68 (no. 476): 113-116.
3.
Brookover, W. , C. Beady, P. Flood, J. Schweitzer, and J. Wisenbaker. 1979. School social systems and student achievement: Schools can make a difference. New York: Praeger.
4.
Deal, T. , J. Intili, J. Rosaler, and A. Stackhouse. 1977. The early childhood education program: An assessment of its impact and implementation. Sacramento: California State Department of Education.
5.
Doss, D. , and F. Holley. 1982. A cause for national pause: Title I schoolwide projects. ORE Publication no. 81.55. Austin, TX: Office of Research and Evaluation, Austin Independent School District.
6.
Edmonds, R.1979. Effective schools for the urban poor. Educational Leadership37:15-27.
7.
Edmonds, R.1981. Making public schools effective. Social Policy12:56-60.
8.
Fisher, C. , D. Berliner, N. Filby, R. Marliave, L. Cahen, and M. Dishaw. 1980. Teaching behaviors, academic learning time, and student achievement: An overview. In Time to learn, edited by C. Denham and A. Lieberman. Washington, DC: Department of Education.
9.
Gottfredson, G. D. , and J. H. Hollifield. 1988. How to diagnose school climate: Pinpointing problems, planning change. NASSP Bulletin72 (no. 506): 63-70.
10.
Halpin, A. W. , and D. B. Croft. 1963. The organizational climate of schools. Chicago: Midwest Administration Center.
11.
Hargrove, E. , S. Graham, L. Ward, V. Abernethy, J. Cunningham, and W. Vaughn. 1981. Regulations and schools: The implementation of equal education for handicapped children. Nashville, TN: Institute for Public Policy Studies, Vanderbilt University.
12.
Hoy, W. K. , and S. I. Clover. 1986. Elementary school climate: A revision of the OCDO. Educational Administration Quarterly22(1): 93-110.
13.
Hunter, M.1979. Final report of the Michigan cost-effectiveness study. East Lansing: Michigan Department of Education.
14.
Johansen, J. , H. Collins, and J. Johnson. 1990. American education: An introduction to teaching. 6th ed.Dubuque, IA: Brown.
15.
Johnson, W. L. , P. N. Dixon, and J. S. Robinson. 1987. The Charles F. Kettering Ltd. School Climate Instrument: A psychometric analysis. Journal of Experimental Education56(1): 36-41.
16.
Keefe, J. W.1989. Assessing the environment of your school: The NASSP Case model. NASSP Bulletin73 (no. 515): 35-43.
17.
Kottkamp, R. B. , J. A. Mulhern, and W. K. Hoy. 1987. Secondary school climate: A revision of the OCDO. Educational Administration Quarterly23(3): 31-48.
18.
Lezotte, L , and B. Bancroft. 1985. Growing use of the effective schools model for school improvement. Educational Leadership42(6): 23-27.
19.
Miller, S. , S. Cohen, and K. Sayre. 1985. Significant achievement gains using the effective schools model. Educational Leadership42(6): 38-43.
20.
National Center for School Leadership . 1989. New tools focus on how effective leaders work. Leadership and Learning Newsletter1(1): 1, 5.
21.
Purkey, S. , and M. Smith. 1983. Effective schools: A review. Elementary School Journal83:426-452.
22.
Quinby, N.1985. Improving the place called school: A conversation with John Goodlad. Educational Leadership42(6): 16-19.
23.
Rutter, M. 1981. School effects on pupil progress: Research findings and policy implications. Paper prepared for National Institute of Education, U.S. Department of Education.
24.
Rutter, M. , B. Maughan, P. Mortimore, J. Ouston, and A. Smith. 1979. Fifteen thousand hours: Secondary schools and their effects on children. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
25.
Saphier, J. , and M. King. 1985. Good seeds grow in strong cultures. Educational Leadership42(6): 67-74.
26.
Squires, D. , W. Huitt, and J. Segars. 1983. Effective schools and classrooms: A research-based perspective. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
27.
Stenson, W. L.1985. School climate improvement. School Business Affairs51(1): 54-55.
28.
U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare . 1978. Violent schools -safe schools: The safe school study report to the U.S. Congress. Vol. 1. Washington, DC: GPO.
29.
Walberg, H. , M. Bakalis, J. Bast, and S. Baer. 1989. Reconstructing the nation's worst schools. Phi Delta Kappan70:802-805.
30.
Weber, G.1971. Inner-city children can be taught to read: Four successful schools. Washington, DC: Council for Basic Education.
31.
Wellisch, J. , A. MacQueen, R. Carriere, and F. Duck. 1978. School management and organization in successful schools. Sociology of Education51: 211, 226.
32.
Wiles, J. , and J. Bondi. 1986. Supervision: A guide to practice. 2d ed.Columbus, OH: Merrill.
33.
Wynne, E.1980. Looking at schools: Good, bad and indifferent. Lexington, MA: Heath.
