Although commentators on the mayoral administration of Chicago's Harold Washington have typically described either a progressive-city government or a black machine, a third approach to characterizing Washington's political coalition and administrative program is offered by the black-urban-regime metaphor. By examining the Washington administration as a black urban regime, one can specify how local factors constrained the policymaking of Chicago's first African-American mayor and can identify lessons from the Washington experience applicable to minority municipal administrations in other U.S. cities.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Alkalimat, A. , and D. Gills. 1989. Harold Washington and the crisis of black power in Chicago. Chicago: Twenty-First Century Books.
2.
Brehm, B.1991. The city and the neighborhoods: Was it really a two-way street? In Harold Washington and the neighborhoods: Progressive city government in Chicago, 1983-1987, edited by P. Clavel and W. Wiewel, 238-269. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press.
3.
Chicago builds new barriers to growth . 1987. Chicago Tribune, 24 November.
4.
City of Chicago Department of Purchases, Contracts and Supplies . 1985, December. Minority and female stratification totals and percentages for the month of December.
5.
Clavel, P.1986. The progressive city. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press.
6.
Erie, S. P.1988. Rainbow's end: Irish-Americans and the dilemmas of urban machine politics, 1840-1985. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.
7.
Freedman, A.1988. Doing battle with the patronage army: Politics, courts, and personnel administration in Chicago. Public Administration Review48:847-859.
8.
General obligation bond issue approved . 1985, November. Neighborhood Bulletin. Chicago: City of Chicago's Mayor's Office of Inquiry and Information.
9.
Giloth, R. P. , and J. Betancur. 1988. Where downtown meets neighborhood: Industrial displacement in Chicago, 1978-1987. Journal of the American Planning Association54:279-290.
10.
Giloth, R. P. , and R. Mier. 1989. Spatial change and social justice: Alternative economic development in Chicago. In Economic restructuring and political response, edited by R. A. Beauregard, 181-208. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
11.
Haider, D.1987. City hall's paralysis by analysis.... Chicago Tribune, 8 October.
12.
Hoskins, J.1987. Memo to Mayor Harold Washington covering charts on race and gender proportions of police and fire personnel, 5 August.
13.
Kass, J.1991. Black movement tries to sort it out. Chicago Tribune, 7 April.
14.
Krumholz, N. , P. Costigan, and D. Keating. 1985. Chicago development plan 1984. Journal of the American Planning Association51:395-396.
15.
Lemann, N.1991. The promised land: The great black migration and how it changed America. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
16.
Lowry, J. H. , and Associates. 1985, March. Study of minority and women-owned business enterprise procurement programs for the city of Chicago. Report to the city of Chicago.
17.
Malcolm, A. H.1986. Study sees Chicago as divided. New York Times, 5 October, 16.
18.
McCarron, J.1984. Chicago's status on the skids as city that worked. Chicago Tribune, 15 April.
19.
McClory, R.1987. Good buying. The Reader (Chicago), 4 December.
20.
Mier, R. , K. J. Moe, and I. Sherr. 1986. Strategic planning and the pursuit of reform, economic development, and equity. Journal of the American Planning Association52:298-309.
21.
Moberg, D.1987. The next four years: Neighborhood agendas. The Neighborhood Works, May, 1, 4-8.
22.
Rakove, M.1975. Don't make no waves... don't back no losers. Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press.
23.
Reed, A., Jr.1988. The black urban regime: Structural origins and constraints. In Power, community, and the city, edited by M. P. Smith, 138-189. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books.
24.
Rivlin, G.1985. City hall: How low they can go. The Reader (Chicago), 26 July.
25.
Rivlin, G.1986. The heart of a new machine. The Reader (Chicago), 14 February.
26.
Rivlin, G.1987. The blacks and the browns. The Reader (Chicago), 6 November.
27.
Rivlin, G.1992. Fire on the prairie. New York: Henry Holt.
28.
Schrag, J.1987. Competing demands for "our fair share" strain ties that bind tenuous alliance. Chicago Reporter, 7 July.
29.
Skipton, M. 1987. Letter from city of Chicago purchasing agent to Joel T. Ettinger, administrator, Urban Mass Transportation Administration, including city of Chicago DBE/WBE contracting statistics for the first nine months of fiscal 1987, 29 September.
30.
Soifer, S. D.1990. The Burlington land trust: A socialist approach to affordable housing?Journal of Urban Affairs12:237-252.
31.
Stanback, H. , and R. Mier. 1986. Economic development for whom? The Chicago model. New York University Review of Law and Social Change15 (1): 11-22.
Strong, J.1987. Mayor's ethics proposals catch council at a bad time. Chicago Tribune, 3 February.
34.
Theodore, N. C. , and D. G. Taylor. 1991. The geography of opportunity: The status of African Americans in the Chicago economy. Chicago: Chicago Urban League.
35.
Torres, M.1991. The Commission on Latino Affairs: A case study of community empowerment. In Harold Washington and the neighborhoods: Progressive city government in Chicago, 1983-1987, edited by P. Clavel and W. Wiewel, 165-187. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Univ. Press.
36.
Washburn, G.1983. Developers on hold since mayoral race. Chicago Tribune, 1 May.
