The viscoelastic properties of nylon 6 fibers are studied in terms of stress relaxation and dynamic mechanical analysis. Single fibers are subjected to tensile stress relaxation tests at room temperature in air and water after rapid straining to between 5 and 40%; the duration of these tests is between 0.1 to 105 seconds. Dynamic mechanical tests are done on a Rheometrics dynamic tester at frequencies between 0.1 to 10 Hz and at various static prestrains. Results are compared with those from similar tests in com pression on waddings made of corresponding fibers. In general, correlations are good between fiber properties and wadding properties.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Carnaby, G.A. , and Pan, N., Theory of the Compression Hysteresis of Fibrous Assemblies, Textile Res. J. 59 (5), 275-284 (1989).
2.
Dartman, T., and Seldén, R., Compressional Behaviour of Fibres and Corresponding Fibre Assemblies—A Literature Survey, IFP Report 94-037, Jan. 16, 1995.
3.
Dunlop, J.I., Carnaby, G.A., and Ross, D.A., Bulk, Part 1: The Bulk of Loose Wool, WRONZ Communication no. 28, 1974.
4.
Dunlop, J.I. , TheDynamic Bulk Modulus of Fibre Masses, J. Textile Inst.72 (4), 154-161 (1981).
5.
Dunlop, J.I. , Letters to the Editor, On the Compression Characteristics of Fibre Masses, J. Textile Inst., 74 (2), 92-97 (1983).
6.
Ferry, J.D., "Viscoelastic Properties ofPolymers," John Wiley, NY, 1980.
7.
Flom, D.G., Dynamical Mechanical Spectroscopy by Means of Rolling Friction Measurements , Anal. Chem.32, 1550 (1960).
8.
King, G., SomeFrictional Properties of Wool and Nylon Fibres, J. Textile Inst.41, T135-T144 (1950).
9.
King, R.F., and Tabor, D., TheEffect of Temperature on the Mechanical Properties and the Friction Properties of Plastics, Proc. Phys. Soc.B66, 728 (1953).
10.
Komori, T., and Makishima, K., Estimation of Fiber Orientation and Length in Fiber Assemblies, Textile Res. J.48 (6), 309-314 (1978).
11.
Komori, T., and Makishima, K., Geometrical Expressions of Spaces in Anisotropic Fiber Assemblies , Textile Res. J.49 (9), 550-555 (1979).
12.
Komori, T., Itoh, M., and Takaku, A.. A ModelAnalysis of the Compressibility of Fiber Assemblies , Textile Res. J.62 (10), 567-574 (1992).
13.
Kubát, J., Stress Relaxation in Solids, Nature204, 378-379 (1965).
14.
Lee, D.H., and Lee, J.K., Initial Compressional Behaviour of a Fibre Assembly, in "Objective Measurement: Applications to Product Design and Process Control," S. Kawabata, R. Postle, and M. Niwa, Eds., The Textile Machinery Society of Japan, Osaka, 1985 pp. 613-622.
15.
Lee, D.H., Carnaby, G.A., Carr, A.J., and Moss, P.J., A Review of Current Micromechanical Models of the Unit Fibrous Cell, WRONZ Communication no. C113, 1990.
16.
Ludema, K.C. , and Tabor, D.The Friction and Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers, Wear9, 329 (1966).
17.
Morton, W.E. , and Hearle, J.W.S., Effect of Moisture and Temperature, ch. 13 in "Physical Properties of Textile Fibres," The Textile Institute, U.K., 1993, pp. 290-295.
18.
Rubenstein, C., The Friction and Lubrication ofYarns, J. Textile Inst.49, T13-T32 ( 1958).
19.
Seldén, R., Internal Stresses and Activation Volumes in Stress Relaxation of Polyethylene and Other Solids, Doctoral thesis Chalmers University of Technology. Sweden, 1979.
20.
Shishoo, R. , Longitudial Swelling in Water of Heat-treated Nylon 66 Yarns and Fabrics, Textile Res. J.47 (1), 5-9 (1977).
21.
Svensson, L.G. , Determination of the Rate of Moisture Absorption in PA6 Fibres—Microcalometry Method, laboratory report 0040/95, Celcius Materialteknik, March 3, 1995.
22.
Tipton, H., TheDynamic Tensile Mechanical Properties of Textile Filaments and Yarns, J. Textile Inst.46, T322-T361 (1955).
23.
van Wyk, C.M. , Note on the Compressibility of Wool, J. Textile Inst.37, T285-T292 ( 1946).
24.
Zhong, C., A Nonlinear Viscoelastic Model for Describing the Deformation Behavior of Braided Fiber Seals, Textile Res. J.65 (8), 461-470 (1995).
