Various degrees of sulfonated and unsulfonated cotton fabric samples are treated with DMDHEU in the presence of a mixed catalyst under mild curing temperatures. At a given DMDHEU concentration in the bath, the nitrogen contents of the finished fabrics increase with increasing degrees of sulfonation, while the formaldehyde content de creases. ΔWCRA values increase with increasing sulfonation at the same values of ΔDCRA and ΔTSR. For a given value of CL/AGU, the ΔWCRA and CL length values increase as the sulfonation degree of the fabrics increases.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Berni, R.J., Bertoniere, R.R., Ayres, W.M., and Jonassen, H.B., Metal Ion Complexes of 2-Imidazolidione (Ethyleneurea), J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.25, 807-818 (1963).
2.
Chen, C.C., Kinetics of the Crosslinking Reaction of Cotton Catalyzed with Mixtures of Aluminum Salts and Tartaric Acid, Textile Res. J.59, 337 - 342 ( 1989).
3.
Chen, C.C., Crosslinking of Cotton Cellulose in the Presence of Mixed Catalysts , Textile Res. J.59, 464-469 (1989).
4.
Chen, J.C., and Chen, C.C., Crosslinking of Cotton Fabrics Premercerized with Different Alkalis, Part IV: Crosslinking of Normal Length Mercerized Fabrics, Textile Res. J.64, 142-148 (1994).
5.
Frick, J.G., Kottes Andrews, B.A., and Reid, J.D., Chemical andPhysical Effects of Finishing Cotton with Methylol Derivatives of Ethyleneurea , Textile Res. J.29, 314-322 (1959).
6.
Frick, J.G., Kottes Andrews, B.A., and Reid, J.D., Effects of Crosslinkage in Wrinkle-Resistant Cotton Fabrics, Textile Res. J.30, 495-504 (1960).
7.
Haith, M.S., and Namborri, C.G.G. , Lewis-Acid Catalysis of Amido Methylol Resins and Possible Complex Formation, Textile Res. J.38, 1061-1062 (1968).
8.
Hsiung, H.H. , and Chen, C.C., Crosslinking Cotton Fabric with DMDMDHEU Using Water/Methanol Mixtures as Solvents, Textile Res. J.65, 607-613 (1995).
9.
Jang, T.R., Sheu, T.C., Sheu, J.J., and Chen, C.C., Crosslinking of Cotton Fabrics Premercerized with Different Alkalis, Part III: Crosslinking and Physical Properties of DMDHEU-Treated Fabrics, Textile Res. J.63, 679-686 (1993).
10.
Jeffries, R. , and Warwicker, J.O., the Function of Swelling in the Finishing of Cotton, Textile Res. J.39, 548-559 (1969).
11.
Meyer, U., Müller, K., and Zollinger, H., TheMechanism of Catalysis in the Crosslinking of Cotton with Formaldehyde, Textile Res. J.46, 756-762 (1976).
Pierce, A.G. , Vail, S.L., and Boudreaux , E.A., Amide-Metal Ion Complex Formation and Its Effects on the Catalysis of Cellulose Cross-Linking Reactions , Textile Res. J.41, 1006-1007 (1971 ).
14.
Reeves, W.A. , Perkins, R.M., and Chance, L.H., Cotton Cross-Linked at Various Degrees of Fiber Swelling, Textile Res. J.30, 179-192 (1960).
15.
Shet, R.T., Sulfonated Cellulose and Method of Preparation, U.S. patent 5,522,967 , June 4, 1996.
16.
Shih, F.F., and Rowland, S.P., Catalysis of the Dimethylolethyleneurea-Cotton Cellulose Reaction with Three Different Metal Salts, Textile Res. J.52, 108-115 (1982).
17.
Steven, C.V. , and Smith, B.F., Crosslinking of Cotton Cellulose with Ethylene Urea Derivatives Having Hydrogen-Bonding Capabilities, Part I: Effects on the Physical Properties and the Hydrogen-Bonded Structure, Textile Res. J.40, 749-760 (1970).
18.
Wade, R.H., and Welch, C.M., TheRole of Alkali Metal Hydroxides in the Benzylation of Cotton Cellulose, Textile Res. J.35, 930-934 (1965).
19.
Ziifle, H.M. , Bemi, R.J., and Benerito , R.R., Investigation of the Cellulose-DMEU Reaction, Textile Res. J.31, 349-365 (1961).
