The photofading behavior of CI Fluorescent Brightener 85 (FB 85) is investigated on cellophane. The initial photofading reaction of FB 85 on cellophane is trans-cis isomerization, and the subsequent reaction is assumed to be photodegradation. The initial photofading rate of FB 85 on cellophane is accelerated by brightener concen tration and atmospheric moisture, whereas the addition of sodium carbonate to the dyebath retards photofading. A kinetic analysis suggests the participation of a bimo lecular reaction in addition to photoisomerization through a monomolecular reaction. The contribution of the bimolecular reaction increases as the moisture content in creases. Added salt reduces the contribution of the bimolecular reaction in photofading of FB 85 on cellophane.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Anliker, R., and Muller, G., "Fluorescent Whitening Agents," Georg Thieme Publishers , Stuttgart, 1975.
2.
Hayashi, M., Studies on the Absorption State of Fluorescent Whitening Dyes, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi63, 118-122 (1960).
3.
Hida, M., and Yabe, A., Kinetic Mood of Light Fading of Dyes in Solution, Sen-i Gakkaishi36, T85-92 ( 1980).
4.
Hida, M., Okabayashi, M., and Yabe, A., Kinetic Study of Photoisomerization, Interpretation of Negative Slope in CF Curves, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi72,265-269 (1969).
5.
Holt, L.A., and Milligan, B., Fluorescent Whitening Agents, II: Covalent Binding to Proteins during Irradiation by Sunlight, Aust. J. Biol. Sci.27, 23-29 (1974).
6.
Ikuno, H., Honda, M., Komaki, M., and Yabe, A., Photofading of 4,4'-Bis-stilbene Type Fluorescent Brightening Agent in Aqueous Solution, Nippon Kagaku Kasshi1603-1608 (1985 ).
7.
Ikuno, H., Komaki, M., and Nakajima, T., Influence of Humidity on Photofading of Bis-styrylbiphenyl-Type Fluorescent Brightener in Cellophane, Sen-i Gakkaishi50,87-91 (1994).
8.
Ikuno, H., Komaki, M., Mitsumori, E., and Yabe, A., Absorption Spectra and Photofading of a Triazinylstilbene-Type Fluorescent Brightening Agent in Aqueous Solution, Nippon Kagaku Kasshi101-106 (1987).
9.
Lanter, J., Properties and Evaluation of Fluorescent Brightening Agents, J. Soc. Dyers Colour.82, 125-132 ( 1966).
10.
Masuo, F., and Kimura, Y., Cis-trans Isomerization of Stilbene-Type Fluorescent Brightening Agents by Ultra Violet Irradiation, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi62, 113-118 ( 1959).
11.
Matsuo, M., and Sakaguchi, T., Photodegradation of Disodium 4,4'-Bis (1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino)stilbene-2,2'disulfonate Derivatives, Nippon Kagaku Kasshi1994-1996 ( 1972 ).
12.
Milligan, B. , and Hoh, L.A., Fluorescent Whitening Agents, I: Bis-4,4-(4'-methoxy-6'-phenoxy-s-triazin-2'ylamino)stilbene-2,2'-disulphonic Acid: Its Photodecomposition in Solution and on Wool, Aust. J. Chem.27, 195-203 (1974).
13.
Montaudo, G. , ThePhotochemical Behavior of Stilbene in Concentrated Solution, Gazz. Chim. Ital.94, 127-145 (1964).
14.
Saltiel, J. , and Megarity, E.D., Mechanism of Direct Cis-Trans Photoisomerization of the Stilbene, Solvent Viscosity and the Azulene Effect , J. Am. Chem. Soc.94, 2742-2749 (1972 ).
15.
Theidel, H. , Zur Stereochemie Opfischer Aufheller vom Stilben-Typ , Melliand Textilber.45, 514-519 (1964).
16.
Theidel, H. , and Schmitz, G., Chromatographic Analysis of Optical Brightening Agents, J. Chromatog27, 413-422 (1967).
17.
Tokumaru, K. , "Organic Photochemical Reaction," Tokyo Kagaku Dojin, 1977.
18.
Vickerstaff, T., "The Physical Chemistry of Dyeing," Oliver and Boyd , London, 1954.
19.
Yabe, A., and Hayashi, M., Studies on Commercially Available Fluorescent Whitening Dyes for Cotton , Kaseigaku Zasshi11, 247-252 (1960).
20.
Yamashita, Y. , Photochemical Reaction of an Aqueous Solution of Sodium 4,4'-bis(2-anilino-4-monoethanol-amino-1,3,5-triazin-6-ylamino)-2,2'-Stilbene Disulfonate, Yuki Gosei Kagaku30, 449-456 (1972).
21.
Yamashita, Y., and Yoshida, K., Photofading of Stilbene Fluorescent Whitening Agents on Cellophane Film, Yuki Gosei Kagaku36, 322-327 (1978).
22.
Yamashita, Y., and Yoshida, K., Photofading of Stilbene Fluorescent Whitening Agents on Cotton Cloth, Bull. Kochi Univ.28, 33-36 (1979).
