Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

As part of a program directed at zero-AOX shrinkproofing treatments, we have compared the reactivity of different oxidants with wool by following their disappearance under similar conditions. The reactivity series was as follows: aqueous chlorine > DCCA ~ permonosulfate > permanganate / salt > peracetic acid > permanganate > persulfate ~ hydrogen peroxide. This series was not related to redox potentials but generally followed the level of shrink resistance imparted by the oxidant. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using the attenuated total reflectance technique showed significant differences in the amounts of cystine oxidation products formed in the oxidations above. One new finding was the direct formation of low concentrations of Bunte salts by the oxidation of wool with persulfate. We further studied the surface of permonosulfate-treated fibers with scanning electron microscopy and frictional measurements. Permonosulfate treated wool fibers produce Allwörden sacs with chlo rine water, whereas aqueous chlorinated fibers do not. We suggest that the most likely mechanism for shrink resistance in permonosulfate treatments is the removal of de graded protein from below the exocuticle, producing a modified surface with a reduced differential friction between the "for" and "against" scale directions.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Augustin, R.F. , Crompton. J.A. , Jackson. J. , Mueller, B.M. , and Rushforth , M.A. , The Origins and Control of AOX Formed in Wool Shrinkproofing, Aachener Textiltagung 108, 615 ( 1991 ).

Cegarra, J. , and Gacen, J. , The Bleaching of Wool With Hydrogen Peroxide, Wool Sci. Rev. 59, 2 ( 1983).

Coderch, L. , Pinazo, A. , and Erra, P. , Degradative Wool Shrinkproofing Processes, Part 1: Protein Modification, Textile Res. J. 62, 302 (1992).

Guise, G.B. , Alternative Pretreatments to Chlorination for Shrinkproofing of Wool, Aachener Textiltagung 108, 627 (1991).

Haefely, H.R. , Enzymatische Behandlung von Wolle. Textilveredlung 24, 271 (1989).

Hird, J.R. , and Yates, J.R. , The Oxidation of Cysteine, Glutathione and Thioglycollate by Iodate, Bromate, Persulfate and Air, J. Sci. Food Agric. 12, 89 (1961).

Kaplin, I.J. , and Marzinkowski, J.M. , Morphological Aspects of Bleaching Wool with Hydrogen Peroxide, J. Textile Inst. 74, 155 (1983).

Leach, S.J. , The Estimation of Thiol and Disulphide Groups, in "Laboratory Manual of Protein Chemistry," vol. 4, A. Alexander and H. P. Lundgren , Eds., Pergamon Press, 1966, pp. 3-75.

Leeder, J.D. , The Resistant Membranes of Keratin Fibres, Masters thesis, Australian National Press University, 1969.

10.

Lewis, J. , Superwash Wool, A. Review of the Development of Superwash Technology, Wool Sci. Rev. 54, 2 (1977).

11.

Lide, D. R. , Ed., "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics," CRC Press, 1990-1991, Tables 8-16.

12.

Maclaren, J.A. , and Milligan, B.M. , "Wool Science: The Chemical reactivity of the Wool Fibre," Science Press, Australia, 1981.

13.

Maclaren, J.A. , Savige, W.E. , and Sweetman , B.J. , Disulphide Monoxide Groups in Oxidised Proteins, Aust. J. Chem. 18, 1655 (1965).

14.

Makinson, K.R. , "Shrinkproofing of Wool," Marcel Dekker, NY, 1979.

15.

McPhee, J.R. , Shrinkproofing of Wool with Peracetic Acid Followed by Sodium Sulfite, Textile Res. J. 33, 755 ( 1963).

16.

Savige, W.E. , Eager, J. , Maclaren, J.A. , and Roxburgh , C.M. , The S-Monoxides of Cystine, Cystamine and Homocystine, Tetrahedron Lett. 44, 3289 ( 1964).

17.

Schumacher-Hamedat, U. , and Höcker, H. , Unterscheidung Zwischen Hercosett- und XCP-Filzfrei Ausgerusteter Wolle Durch FT-Infrarot-Spektroskopie, Textilveredlung 21, 294 (1986).

18.

Schumacher-Hamedat, U. , Laurini, C. , and Schneider, V. , The Chemistry of the Wool Surface Upon Shrinkproofing , in "Proc. 8th Int Wool Text. Res. Conf, Christchurch," vol. IV, 1990 , p. 451.

19.

Sweetman, B.J. , Eager, J. , Maclaren, J.A. , and Savige, W.E. , A Study of Partial Oxidation of the Disulfide Groups in Wool, in "Proc. 3rd Int. Wool Text. Res. Conf. Paris," vol. II, 1965, p. 85.

20.

van der Vegt, A.K. , and Schuringa , G.J. , The Relation between Wool Felting and Single-Fiber Properties, Textile Res. J. 26, 9 ( 1956).

Reaction of Wool with Permonosulfate and Related Oxidants

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References