Wide angle x-ray diffraction studies of silk fibers from various races of silkworms were made to evaluate the crystal size and lattice disortion parameters, since these determine the properties of silk fibers. Also, minimum enthalpy for the formation of these fibers was estimated and compared for the various races. Crystal size in the univoltine race along the [ 210 ] direction is smaller, even though the univoltine fibers are thick compared to those from multivoltine races.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bhat, N.V., and Nadigar, G.T., Structure Investigation of Different Varieties of Indian Silk by X-ray Diffraction , Proc. Nucl. Solid. Symp.20C, 380-383 (1977).
2.
Hall, I.H., and Somashekar, R., TheDetermination of Crystal Size and Disorder from X-ray Diffraction Photographs of Polymer Fibres, 2: Modelling Intensity Profiles, J. Appl. Cryst.24, 1051-1059 (1991).
3.
Hearle, John W. S., Unsolved Problems in the Science of Nylon and Polyester Fibres, Technology and Tomorrow's Fibres, presented at The Textile Institute Fibre Science Conference, Coventry, U.K., 1988.
4.
Hindeleh, A.M. , and Hosemann, R., A Review of Microparacrystals, The Intermediate Stage Between Crystaline and Amorphous, J. Mat. Sci.26, 5127-5133 (1991).
5.
Klug, H.P., and Alexander, L.E., "X-ray Diffraction Procedures," John Wiley, NY, 1954.
6.
Marsh, Richard E., Corey, R.B., and Pauling, L., An Investigation of Silk Structure of Silk Fibroin, Biochem. Biophys. Acta16, 1-33 (1955).
7.
Mathews, J.M. , "Textile Fibers," John Wiley , NY, 1951.
8.
Nandi, R.K., Kuo, H.K., Schlosberg, W., Wissler, G., Cohen, J.B., and Crist, B.J., Single Peak Methods fo. Fourier Analysis of Peak Shapes, J. Appl. Cryst.17,22-26(1984).
9.
Press, W., Flannery, B.P., Tenkolsky, S., and Vettering, W.T., "Numerical recipes," Cambridge Univ. Press, U.K., 1986, pp. 289-294.
10.
Shaw, J.T.B. , and Smith, S.G., Comparative Studies of Fibroins, The Composition and Structure of Chemically Resistant Fractions from Some Silk Fibroins, Biochem. Biophys. Acta52, 305-318 (1961).
11.
Somashekar, R., Hall, I.H., and Carr, P.D., TheDetermination of Crystal Size and Disorder from X-ray Diffraction Photographs of Polymer Fibres, 1: The Accuracy of Determination of Fourier Coefficients of the Intensity Profile of a Reflection, J. Appl. Cryst.22, 363-371 (1989).
12.
Somashekar, R., and Gopal Krishne Urs, R., Effect of Annealing on Crystal Size in Pure Mysore Silk Fibres, Bull. Mater. Sci.14, 87-91 (1991).
13.
Stokes, A.R. , A Numerical Fourier Analysis Method for the Correction of Widths and Shapes of Lines on X-ray Powder Photographs, Proc. Phys. Soci. London61, 382-391 (1948).
14.
Warren, B.E. , X-ray Studies of Deformed Metals, Prog. Metal Phys.8, 147-202 (1959).
15.
Warwicker, J.O., X-ray Examination of Chemically Resistant Fractions of Some Silk Fibroins, Biochem. Biophys. Acta52, 319-328 (1961).