We have studied the application on untreated wool fibers of different aqueous dispersion systems made with Hercosett, a cationic resin; three commercial anionic optical brightener agents (OBA), Uvitex CF-200, Blankophor BA Liq. B, and Uvitex NFW; and the oxidative agent hydrogen peroxide to improve both whiteness and shrink-proofing properties with less damage to the keratinic structure. Treatment times and temperatures were optimized using the central composite rotatable design of Box and Hunter and, in all cases, a weight ratio of Hercosett/OBA that produced better shrink-proofing. Results obtained for each OBA were also compared to determine optimum application.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AllenE., Why Does the Fluorescence of Optical Brighteners Reach a Limit, Am. Dyest. Rep.48,27–29 (1959).
2.
BoxG. E. P.HunterJ. S., Multi-Factor Experimental Designs for Exploring Response Surfaces, Ann. Math. Stat.28, 195–242 (1957).
3.
de la MazaA.ParraJ. L.LealJ. SanchezComellesF., Physicochemical Properties of Hercosett/Optical Brightener Agent Dispersions Applied to Untreated Wool for Shrinkproofing, Textile Res. J.59, (11), 687–690 (1989).
4.
de la MazaA.ParraJ. L.ManichA. M.de CastellarM. D., Shrinkproofing Untreated Wool with Her-cosett/Uvitex NFW/Hydrogen Peroxide Systems—Physicochemical Properties of These Systems, Textile Res. J.60, 709–713 (1990).
5.
ErraP.DominguezJ. J. GarciaJuliaM. R.SuarezM. T., Interactions between Alkyl-Sulphates and Cationic Shrink-Resist Resins for Wool, Part I: The Influence of the Surfactant Chain Length, J. Textile Inst.70, (8) 337–344 (1979).
6.
DominguezJ. J. GarciaErraP.de la MazaA.JuliaM. R.ShawT., The Use of Surfactants to Improve the Regularity of Deposition of Resin on Wool, in “Proc 5th Int. Wool Text. Res. Conf. Aachen,”vol. III, 1975, pp. 337–348.
7.
DominguezJ. J. GarciaErraP.de la MazaA.JuliaM. R., The Application of the Hercosett-Anionic Surfactant Process to Impart Shrink-Resistence to Wool, J. Textile Inst.71 (3), 165–168 (1980).
8.
KingM. G., Evaluation of the Commercial Importance of the Whiteness of Wool, Part I: Visual Assessment, Wool Sci. Rev.49, 2–12 (1974).
9.
LongR. S., Fluorescent White Dyes, in “Proc. Perkin Centennial,”1956.
10.
MaclarenJ. A.MulliganB., “Wool Science, The Chemical Reactivity of the Wool Fibre,”Science Press, Marrickville, NSW, Australia1981.
11.
MakinsonK. R., Shrinkproofing of Wool, in “Fiber Science Series,”Marcel Dekker, New York, 1979, pp. 264–338.
12.
MontgomeryD. C., “Design and Analysis of Experiments,”J. Wiley and Sons, New York, 1984, p. 445–470.
13.
Norma UNE 40–385–79.,Determinación de la Resistencia de los Tejidos a la Perforación, corresponding LEI-TAT 88221 and NMR-166 EMA.
14.
ParraJ. L.de la MazaA.DominguezJ. J. Garcia, The Adsorption of Hercosett-Optical Brightener Agent Complexes on Untreated Wool to Impart Shrink-resistance, in “Proc. XII Int. Congress A.I.Q.C.T., Budapest,” poster session, 1981, pp. 145–148.
15.
Research Department of International Wool Secretariat,, The Measurement of Shrinkage in Wool Goods During Washing (IWS Test Method 185), Wool Sci. Rev.38, 33–39 (1970).
16.
SakliF., Controle Qualité de la Laine au Cours des Traitements Industriels, Ind. Textil1198, 79–82 (1989).
17.
Standard Specifications for Test Methods IWTO 23–70 (F), Methode de Determination de la Teneur en Acide Cysteique dans les Hydrolysates de Laine par Electro-phorese sur Papier et Colorimetrie, adopted C.T.F.L.I., Paris, 1969, corresponding Norma UNE 40–241–73 (1973) and 40–2241–75 (1975).
18.
Standard Specifications for Test Methods IWTO 4–60 (F), Methode de Determination de la Solubilité Alcaline de la Laine, 1965.
19.
TratmanE. R., “Dyeing and Chemical Technology of Textile Fibres,”Charles Griffin and Company, High Wycombe, England, 1986, p. 218–253.
20.
WibauxG.OutremanP.MazingueG.Van OberbékeM., Relations entre la Solubilité Alcaline de la Laine et ses Propietes Mecaniques, Bull. Inst. Textil Fr.107, 709–731 (1963).
21.
ZahnH.HenningH. J.BlankenburgG., Elements Techniques pour les Tolerances des Quelques Caracteristiques Chimiques des Laines Laves et Carbonisées, Comité Technique Federation Laniere Internationale, rep. no. 8, Paris, 1969.
