This study introduces an isolation method that involves the separation of insoluble and soluble contaminants on raw wool. The contents of inorganic and organic components as well as their removal during different extraction steps are discussed, and an attempt is made to determine the most likely origin of the protein components. These investigations are of practical interest concerning optimal raw wool scouring conditions, especially with regard to the color of scoured wool and waste water treatment.
AndersonC. A., A New Picture of the Raw-Wool Fibre, J. Textile Inst. 73, 289–292 (1982).
3.
AndersonC. A., Mechanisms of Raw Wool Scouring—The Role of the Protein Contaminant Layer, Textile Res. J. 53, 741–750 (1983).
4.
AndersonC. A.BateupB. O.ChristoeJ. R.WarnerJ. J., New Concepts in the Removal of Contaminants from Raw Wool, in “Proc. 7th Int. Wool Textile Research Conference, Tokyo,”vol. II, 1985, pp. 254–264.
5.
AndersonC. A.ChristoeJ. R., Characteristics of the Protein Contaminant Layer on Merino Wool, Textile Res. J. 54, 378–382 (1984).
6.
BateupB. O., Relationship Between the Whiteness of Scoured Wool and the Level of Residual Nitrogen-Containing Contaminants, Textile Res. J. 54, 299–307 (1984).
7.
BradburyJ. H.ChapmanG. V.KingN. L. R., The Chemical Composition of Wool, III: Analysis of Cuticle, Skin Flakes and Cell Membrane Material, in “Proc. 3rd Int. Wool Textile Research Conference, Paris,”vol. I, 1965, pp. 359–366.
8.
BradburyJ. H.LeyK. F., The Chemical Composition of Wool, XI: Separation and Analysis of Exocuticle and Endocuticle, Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 25, 1235–1247 (1972).
9.
ChristoeJ. R., Scouring Protein Contaminants from Raw Wool, Part I: Single Bowl Laboratory Studies, Textile Res. J. 54, 713–721 (1984).
10.
CopleyM. N., Doctoral thesis, University of Leeds, England, 1970.
11.
GoldR. J. U.TenenhouseH. S.AdlerL. S., A Method for Calculating the Relative Protein Contents of the Major Keratin Components from Their Amino Acid Composition, Biochem. J. 159, 157–160 (1976).
12.
KleeD., Doctoral thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1982.
13.
KulkarniV. G.BaumannH., Studies on Some Wool Components: Skin Flakes, Cuticle, Cell Membrane Material, Textile Res. J. 50, 6–9 (1980).
14.
LiesenfeldI.BlankenburgG.ZahnH., Aschegehalt von Kammzügen aus Schurwolle und Schwitzwolle, von Waschwolle und von karbonisierten Wollen, International Wool Textile Organisation, Technical Commitee, Congress Basel, report no. 21, 1976.
15.
MenefeeE., Component Distributions in Keratins and their Estimation from Amino Acid Analyses, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 36, 17–30 (1985).
16.
O'DonnelI. J., A Search For A Simple Keratin—The Precursor from Cow's Lip Epidermis, Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 24, 1219–1234 (1971).
17.
OrwinD. F. G.WoodsJ. L., Cellular Debris in the Grease of Wool Fibers, Textile Res. J. 55, 84–92 (1985).
18.
RoeschM., Versuche zur Normung von Prüfmethoden für Textilhilfsmittel, Über eine Schnellmethode zur Feststellung des Fettgehaltes in Textilien, Melliand Textilber. 40, 1462–1464 (1959).
19.
SpackmanH. D.SteinW. H.MooreS., Automatic Recording Apparatus for Use in the Chromatography of Amino Acids, Anal. Chem. 30, 1190–1206 (1958).
20.
ZahnH.AltenhofenU.FöhlesJ.NienhausM., Nachweis von Stratum corneum in Wollwaschschlamm, International Wool Textile Organisation, Technical Commitee, London, report no. 16, 1979.
